自掺杂聚苯胺的独特性能及铅离子电化学传感器  

Distinctive properties of self-doped polyanilines and their electrochemical sensors for lead ions

作　　者：黄美荣[1] 张露薇 李新贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]先进土木工程材料教育部重点实验室同济大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《化学传感器》2017年第2期13-22,共10页Chemical Sensors

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51273148)

摘　　要：基于国内外最新研究文献和自身研究工作,系统总结了自掺杂聚苯胺的独特性能及其在电化学传感器中的应用,重点关注阐述了自掺杂质子酸的聚苯胺的导电性的热稳定性和独立于溶液pH的特性,指出自掺杂聚苯胺不像原聚苯胺,它在中性介质中仍然具有电化学活性。这种独立于处理溶液pH的电化学活性,加上其对铅离子的较高的选择性,使其特别适合用作铅离子选择电极传感膜中的铅离子载体,所构建的电位传感器对铅离子的检测下限达到了2.2×10^(-11)mol/L,并具有7个数量级的宽广线性范围和3.5~7.0的宽广pH平台以及长达15个月的使用寿命,从而实现了真实样品中痕量铅的准确可靠检测。Based on the latest literatures and our previous research,distinctive properties of self-doped polyanilines and their electrochemical sensors for lead ions were systematically summarized.This review specifically focuses on both the conductivity stability and pH independence in the treated solution.It is pointed that self-doped polyanilines exhibit redox properties in neutral media,while pristine polyaniline loses its electrochemical activity.Such characteristics,together with the high selectivity to lead ions,make them an excellent candidate for ionophore in sensing membrane for ion-selective electrode.The resulting potentiometric sensor exhibits a detection limit as low as 2.2×10^（-11）mol/L,linear range of 7 order of magnitudes,pH independent plateau ranged from 3.5 to 7.0,as well as long lifetime of 15 months,which render a robust sensor for reliable measurement of Pb（II） content in real-world samples at trace levels.

关 键 词：聚苯胺 自掺杂 离子选择电极 电化学传感器 

分 类 号：O657.1[理学—分析化学] TP212.2[理学—化学]