基于叠加原理的隧道爆破近区振动预测方法  

Prediction Method on Tunnel Blasting Vibration near Explosive Source Field based on Waveform Superposition Theory

作　　者：谢烽[1] 韩亮[1] 刘殿书[1] 李晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《爆破》2017年第3期151-156,共6页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10272109);国家教育部高等学校博士学科点专项基金资助课题(20060290009);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2010QL05)

摘　　要：为了改善隧道近区振动强度预测的准确性,基于现场单孔爆破试验,在掌子面后方构建5排×11列的测点阵模型,在考虑震波频率随传播距离衰减的基础上,利用Anderson线性叠加模型来模拟掏槽孔爆破时的振动情况,建立符合现场实际的隧道近区振速计算模型。同时以北京兴延高速公路隧道梯子峪段爆破工程实测振动数据验证模型的可行性,并对隧道近区振速进行预测。研究表明:(1)基于波形叠加的爆破振动预测模型适用于隧道近区振动预测;(2)在平行于掌子面的隧道截面上,在一定范围内爆破地震波能量流动的方向逐渐分散而均匀,在垂直于掌子面的测线上,拱顶处速度衰减折线的斜率绝对值最大,衰减最快;(3)在模型分析区域中,随着到掌子面距离的增加,不同隧道截面上测点对群孔效应敏感性不同,距离掌子面越近,敏感性越大。In order to improve the prediction accuracy of vibration strength in near field, based on single-hole blasting field test, this work constructed a 5 rows and 11 columns matrix model behind the tunnel face, considering the seismic frequency attenuation with the spreading distance by using the Anderson model to simulate the vibration situation of cutting hole blasting. A calculation model was established based on the assumption of the linear superpo- sition theory. Based on the measured data in the Xing-yan highway tunnel blasting engineering, the calculatinn model was verified, and then the blasting vibration velocity prediction near the tunnel blasting source was proposed. The re- suits show that ： （ 1 ） The blasting vibration prediction model based on the waveform superposition fits the near field vi- bration prediction well. （2） In the direction of the tunnel section paralleled to the tunnel face, the energy flow direction gradually disperses within a certain range of blasting seismic waves. In the measuring line perpendicular to the tunnel face, the absolute slope value of velocity attenuation curve at tunnel dome is highest, and the attenuation velocity is fastest. （3） In the model analysis area, the susceptibility of group hole effect is different at different tunnel sec- tion point. Namely the farther the distance is, the stronger the susceptibility would be.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 波形叠加 隧道爆破近区 振动 预测 

分 类 号：O389[理学—流体力学] U455.6[理学—力学]