生物炭对黄瓜根际土壤养分和酶活性的影响  

Effect of Biological Carbon on Soil Nutrient and Enzyme Activity of Facility Cucumber

作　　者：张清梅[1] 刘金泉[1] 李明[1] 胡云[1] 李发虎[1] 赵恒栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,内蒙古包头014109

出　　处：《北方园艺》2017年第19期131-136,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31660602)

摘　　要：以黄瓜根际土壤为试材,以土壤添加不同梯度量(5、10、20、40、60t·hm-2)生物炭为处理,以温室土壤不添加生物炭为对照(CK),研究不同梯度量生物炭对黄瓜结果前期、盛期和后期20~40cm土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机碳、全氮含量以及脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响。结果表明:黄瓜土壤经一定量生物炭处理后,在结果前期、盛期和后期可不同程度提高黄瓜根际20~40cm土壤养分含量和酶活性,并且在结果盛期作用最为显著;20t·hm^(-2)生物炭量处理优于其它处理,与对照相比,在结果前期、盛期和后期,均显著提高黄瓜20~40cm根际土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机碳、全氮含量以及脲酶、蔗糖酶活性。总体而言,施用生物炭能改变黄瓜根际土壤速效养分含量及酶活性,为生物炭在黄瓜生产应用提供指导依据。Using rhizosphere soil of cucumber as test material,the soils were treated with 5t·hm^（-2）,10t·hm^（-2）,20t·hm^（-2）,40t·hm^（-2） and 60t·hm^（-2） biochar.Effects of cucumber on the contents of available N,available P,available K,organic carbon,total nitrogen,urease,invertase and CAT activity in 20-40 cm soil in early,full and later stages of cucumber.The results showed that the soil nutrient content and enzyme activity of cucumber 20-40 cm could be increased in the early,full and later stages of the cucumber soil with the same amount of biochar treatment,and the effect was the most significant at 20t·hm^（-2）.The results showed that the contents of available N,available P,available K,organic carbon,and total nitrogen in 20-40 cm soil layer were significantly higher than those in control group urease,invertase,CAT activity.In general,the application of bio-carbon could change the soil nutrient content and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere soil of cucumber,and provide scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the application of biochar in cucumber production and application.

关 键 词：生物炭 根际土壤 养分 酶活性 黄瓜 

分 类 号：S642.206[农业科学—蔬菜学]