医科院校学生死亡认知调查分析与对策研究  

Analysis and Countermeasures of Medical Student's Cognition of Death

作　　者：吴任慰[1] 肖慧欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学思政部,福建福州350122

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2017年第10期1300-1304,共5页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：中华医学会医学教育分会和中国高等教育学会医学教育专业委员会2016年医学教育研究立项课题"福建省医学生死亡教育现状及改进对策研究"(2016B-RC077)

摘　　要：目的了解医科院校学生对死亡的认知情况,并提出对策分析。方法采用分层抽样方法,选取福建省2所医科大学的730名学生进行调查,通过死亡恐惧量表(FODS)和自编死亡认知调查问卷进行测评。结果医科院校学生对待死亡的总体认知比较正常(84.8%);不同性别(χ~2=29.552,P<0.001)、专业(χ~2=6.343,P=0.042)、年级(χ~2=13.979,P=0.030)的学生在对自己和家人的死亡恐惧方面的比较差异有统计学意义;不同生源地学生对自己死亡的问题思考方面的比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10.110,P=0.006);不同的丧亲经历、宗教信仰对学生思考自己(χ~2=7.353,P=0.025)、(χ~2=16.307,P=0.003)和家人(χ~2=14.962,P=0.001)、(χ~2=12.359,P=0.015)死亡问题的比较差异有统计学意义。年级、宗教信仰情况对家人的死亡态度影响最大;丧亲经历和年级对自己的死亡态度影响作用最大;在对自己和家人的死亡恐惧方面,性别因素起着最大的影响作用。结论医学生存在较高的死亡焦虑,今后医科院校需要加强对医学生的生死观教育,健全生死教育课程体系。Objective： To understand the cognition of death among medical students and put forward some countermeasures. Methods： Stratified sampling was used to select 730 medical students in Fujian. A self - de- signed cognition of death questionnaire and Fear of Death Scale （FODS） were adopted to conduct the survey. Re- sults： The general cognition of death among medical students was normal （84.8%）. Fear of death, either towards themselves or their families, was significantly different in participants＇ gender （X2 = 29. 552, P 〈 0. 001 ） , major （X2 = 6. 343,P = 0. 042） , and grade （X2 = 13.979, P = 0. 030）. Thinking of death towards themselves was signif- icantly different in participants＇ living places （X2 = 10. 110, P = 0. 006） , bereavement experience （X2 = 7. 353, P = 0. 025 ） , religion （X2 = 16. 307, P = 0. 003 ）. Meanwhile, statistical significances were found in the thinking of death towards their families among different bereavement experience （X2 = 14. 962, P = 0. 001 ） and religion （X2 = 12. 359, P = 0. 015 ）. Grade and religion greatly affected the attitudes towards death of families, while bereavement experience and grade had the great impact on the attitudes towards death of respondent themselves. In the fear of death for participant themselves and their families, gender made the biggest difference. Conclusion： Medical students have a high level of death anxiety. Medical universities and colleges should strengthen death education in medical students and improve its course system in the future.

关 键 词：医学生 死亡认知 死亡焦虑 生死教育 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]