2010-2016年天津市学校突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Tianjin,2010-2016

作　　者：董晓春[1] 李琳[1] 徐文体[1] 周朋辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心,天津300011

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第19期3463-3466,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金："十二五"国家科技重大专项"传染病监测技术平台"项目(2012ZX10004209);天津市卫生局科技基金项目(2013KZ049)

摘　　要：目的对2010-2016年天津市学校突发公共卫生事件的流行特征进行分析,为学校防控工作提供参考。方法采用描述流行病学方法对天津市2010-2016年报告的学校突发公共卫生事件进行分析。结果 2010-2016年天津市共报告学校突发公共卫生事件146起,共报告病例4 603例,死亡1例。传染病事件占95.89%。发病起数居前3位的病种分别为水痘(52)、手足口病(47)和流行性感冒(14)。事件主要发生在托幼机构和小学,占82.88%(121/146);3-6月和11-12月为事件发生的高峰期。学校突发公共卫生事件首发病例发病时间至事件报告时间的间隔与事件持续时间呈正相关(rspearman=0.604,P<0.01)。结论传染病是引起天津市学校突发公共卫生事件主要原因,托幼机构和小学多发,及时报告和有效处置公共卫生突发事件是减少事件危害的关键。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies at schools in Tianjin from 2010 to 2016,so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of schools. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of public health emergencies at schools during 2010 - 2016 in Tianjin. Results A total of 214 public health emergencies in schools were reported, with 4 603 cases, 1 death. The most common events were infectious （ 95.89% ）. The incidences of the top 3 diseases were varicella （ 52 ） , hand, foot and mouth disease （47） and influenza （ 14 ）. The event occurred mainly in the primary school and kindergarten ,accounting for 82.88%. The peaks of the emergency public health events at schools occurred from March to June and November to December. There is a correlation between the emergency public health events duration and interval from onset of the first case to report （ rspearman =0.604 ,P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Public health emergencies were mainly caused by infectious diseases and occurred frequently in the primary schools in Tianjin. Timely reporting and effective handling of public health emergencies is the key to reduce losses to a minimum.

关 键 词：学校 突发公共卫生事件 传染病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]