2014-2016年北京市大兴区流感聚集性疫情及疫苗保护率分析  

Influenza vaccine protection rate and aggregation epidemic of influenza in Daxing District of Beijing,2014-2016

作　　者：刘海博[1] 陈达廷[1] 李欣欣[1] 高艳青[1] 甘亚弟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心,北京大兴102600

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第19期3539-3541,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(项目号D141100003114001)

摘　　要：目的了解2014-2016年北京市大兴区聚集性流感疫情现况,探讨流感疫苗对集体单位人群的保护效果,为流感疫苗在集体单位人群中的应用提供科学依据。方法收集2014-2016年大兴区聚集性流感疫情,对流行特征及流感疫苗接种情况进行流行病学分析,计算疫苗保护率。结果共报告聚集性流感疫情25起,均发生在学校及托幼机构,涉及31个班级317例病例,班级平均罹患率30.81%;时间分布以11-12月为主;病原型别以A(H3N2)型为主;全校发病班级疫苗接种率低于未发病班级;发病班级中,未接种流感疫苗者发病率35.37%,接种者发病率12.07%,疫苗保护率65.88%;全校范围未接种流感疫苗者发病率3.25%,接种者发病率0.36%,疫苗保护率88.92%。结论在学校托幼机构接种流感疫苗可有效预防聚集性流感疫情。Objective To investigate the present situation aggregation epidemic of influenza in Daxing District of Beijing from 2014 to 2016 and explore the protective effect of influenza vaccine, providing a scientific basis for the application of influenza vaccine among the population in the collective units. Methods The epidemiological characteristics and influenza vaccination were analyzed after collection of aggregation epidemic features of influenza in Daxing District from 2014 to 2016, and the vaccine protection rate was calculated. Results 25 cases of aggregation epidemic of influenza were reported, all of which occurred in schools and nurseries, involving 317 cases among 31 classes, and the average incidence was 30.81%. The time distribution was mainly from November to December. The pathogen type was mainly An（H3N2） type. The rate of vaccination in classes with influenza cases was lower than that in classes without cases. In the classes with influenza cases, the incidence among vaccinated and unvaccinated groups was respectively 12.07% and 35.37%, and the vaccine protection rate was 65.88%. In the whole school, the incidence among vaccinated and unvaccinated groups was respectively 0.36% and 3.52%, and the vaccine protection rate was 88.92%. Conclusion Influenza vaccination in schools and nurseries can effectively prevent aggregation epidemic of influenza.

关 键 词：流感 流感疫苗 效果 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]