基于线粒体D-loop区四个鸡种DNA条形码和品种鉴定  

DNA Barcoding and Variety Identification of Four Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) Breeds Based on Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Region

作　　者：唐修君[1] 贾晓旭[1] 樊艳凤[1] 高玉时[1] 唐梦君[1] 陈大伟[1] 张小燕[1] 陆俊贤[1] 韩威[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省家禽科学研究所,扬州225015

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2017年第10期1653-1660,共8页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31372277;No.31501917和No.31672382)

摘　　要：我国是世界上鸡(Gallus gallus domesticus)种遗传资源最为丰富的国家之一,随着越来越多的培育品种不断出现,如何区分这些优良鸡种显得尤为重要。本研究旨在探讨线粒体D-loop区序列作为DNA条形码在识别鸡种方面的可行性和有效性。对安卡鸡、隐性白羽鸡、河南斗鸡以及丝羽乌骨鸡等4个鸡种共115个个体mtDNA D-loop区全序列进行测序,并分析各个鸡种遗传多态性特点以及种内和种间遗传距离。结果表明,4个鸡种D-loop区全序列大小为1 231~1 232 bp,1 231 bp个体在859 bp处存在C碱基缺失,共检测到26个变异位点和15个单倍型,其中安卡鸡、隐性白羽鸡、河南斗鸡以及丝羽乌骨鸡特异单倍型数分别为3、4、3和2个。4个鸡种平均单倍型多样度为0.467~0.799,平均核苷酸多样度为0.00217~0.005 61,种间Kiumura双参数距离为0.435%~0.940%,种间净遗传距离为0.150%~0.712%。聚类分析显示,4个品种线粒体D-loop区分歧较远,聚类结果基本与形态学分类一致;参照已公开发表的单倍型划分标准,发现安卡鸡和隐性白羽鸡主要为E分支,河南斗鸡主要为B分支,丝羽乌骨鸡主要为A分支。本研究为鸡品种鉴定以及遗传资源保护和开发利用提供了理论依据。China is one of the richest countries of chicken （Callus gallus domesticus） genetic resources, with the more and more cultivated varieties appearing constantly, so how to distinguish these breeds is very important. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of mtDNA D-loop as DNA barcoding for identifying the chicken breeds. Four chicken breeds about Anka chicken, Recessive white chicken, Henan Game chicken and Silky were used as materials. By PCR amplification and sequencing technique, completed mtDNA D-loop sequences of 115 chickens were studied, and the genetic polymorphism characteristics and genetic distances between species and within population were analyzed. The results showed that, the D-loop region of four chickens were 1231-1232 bp, and the 1231 bp samples existed a base C deficiency in 859 site. In the 115 samples assay, there were 26 mutation sites and 15 haplotype. Anka chicken had 3 especial haplotypes. Recessive white chicken had 4 especial haplotypes, Henan Game chicken had 3 especial haplotypes, and Silky had 2 especial haplotypes. Haplotype diversity（Hd） and nucleotide diversity（P/） of 4 chickens were 0.467-0.799 and 0.00 217-0.00 561 respectively. The biggest values of average number of nucleotide differences（K）（6.910）, Pi（0.00561） and Hd （0.799） were all from Recessive white chicken, and the smallest value of Hd was from Silky（0.467）. Kiumura 2-parameter distance and Net distance of 4 chicken breeds were 0.435%-0.940% and 0.150%-0.712% respectively. Clustering analysis showed that the cluster results of four chickens were consistent to the morphological class. According to the public standard of haplotypes classification, Anka chicken and Recessive white chicken mainly converged into clade E, Henan Game chicken mainly converged into clade B and Silky mainly converged into clade A. The results indicated that the divergence between 4 chicken breeds is much farther, and it was feasible to identify chicken breeds using DNA barcoding of D-loop region. This stu

关 键 词：鸡 线粒体D-LOOP区 遗传多样性 DNA条形码 品种鉴定 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]