津巴布韦的本土化政策及其对中国投资的影响  

Zimbabwe's Indigenization Policy and Its Impact on China's Investment

作　　者：吴传华[1] Wu Chuanhua

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2017年第5期134-160,共27页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要：本土化是津巴布韦穆加贝政府于2007年提出的一项重要经济政策,其本意在于消除殖民主义影响,纠正殖民统治造成的历史不公正,将国家资源和经济主权掌握在本国手中。该政策的核心是外资企业必须将51%以上的股份转让或者预留给津巴布韦本地人,并为此制定通过了《本土化与经济授权法》等一系列法律法规。本土化法案在备受争议和诟病中走过了10年历程,批评者认为该政策会严重影响外国投资者的积极性,对津巴布韦开放市场、发展经济是极大的阻碍。津巴布韦的本土化法案并非专门针对中国投资者,但在实践层面不可避免地对中国投资产生了影响,其中矿业领域的中资企业受影响最为直接和明显。未来中津产能合作也绕不开本土化问题。Indigenization is an important economic policy of the Mugabe administration of Zimbabwe in 2007, aiming at eliminating the influence of colonialism, holding in hand the resources and economic sovereignty of the state. The core of the indigenization policy is that any foreign - capital enterprise must transfer or reserve at least 51% of its shares to the indigenous Zimbabwean. A series of laws and regulations, such as Indigenization and Economic Empowerment Act, have been passed to carry out the policy which incurred widespread controversy and criticism in near 10 years. Critics regarded indigenization as a major obstacle to market opening and economic development. Ahhough not the specific target of indigenization, Chinese investment in Zimbabwe is inevitably affected by the law. Chinese enterprises in mining industry are affected most directly and obviously. Indigenization is also an unavoidable issue for the upcoming cooperation on production capacity between China and Zimbabwe.

关 键 词：产能合作 津巴布韦 本土化 经济授权 中国投资 

分 类 号：D747.5[政治法律—政治学] F147.5[政治法律—中外政治制度]