甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育系1193A的选育及分析  

Breeding and Analysis of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line 1193A in Brassica napus L.

作　　者：尹明智[1,2] 官春云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学/国家油料改良中心湖南分中心,湖南长沙410128 [2]遵义师范学院,贵州遵义563002

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第9期1947-1953,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2011AA10A104)

摘　　要：【目的】细胞质雄性不育系统是当前利用油菜杂种优势的主要途径,也是最重要的授粉控制系统之一,而利用远源杂交引入近源种胞质来获得异源细胞质雄性不育是发掘新型胞质雄性不育系和提高雄性不育育性稳定性的有效手段。【方法】本研究以新疆野生油菜与甘蓝型油菜湘油15号属间杂种后代为基础,通过多代回交育成了不育性稳定的油菜细胞质雄性不育系1993A。【结果】研究表明不育系1193A自交不结实,异交结实正常,具有典型的不育性状,恢保关系比较表明其与pol CMS具有不同的恢保关系,败育的时期主要发生在单核花粉期,在花药败育过程中绒毡层出现径向肥大和液泡化,挤压小孢子,最终导致花药败育。【结论】该油菜细胞质雄性不育系1993A不育性稳定彻底,与pol CMS是不同的细胞质雄性不育系。[ Objective ] Cytoplasmic male sterile system is one of the most important ways to utilize the heterosis of Brassica napas and also oneof the most important pollination control systems. It is an effective means to explore new cytoplasmic male sterile lines and improve the stabil-ity of male sterile lines through the introduction of alloplasmic male sterility using distant hybridization. [ Method] Based on the intergenerichybrids progeny between Sinapis arvensis and Brassica napus L. Xiangyou No. 15, this study through backcrossing of several gene- rations se-lects and breeds 1193A CMS of sterile stability in Brassica napus L. , which shows self-incompatibility, normal outcrossing rate. [ Result]Typical sterility traits and different restore-and-maintain relationship between 1193A CMS and pal CMS. Cytological observations showed thatthe process of anther abortion mainly occurs in monocaryotic stage. The tapetum of 1193A CMS appears radial hypertrophy and vacuole,which extruded the pollen, ultimately leading to anther abortion. [ Conclusion]The sterility of cytoplasmic male sterile line 1993A is stablecompletely and different from the pol and CMS.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 新疆野生油菜 细胞质雄性不育系 花药败育 

分 类 号：S635.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]