不同环境下甘蔗亲本开花情况及其遗传研究  

Flowering and Its Heritability of Sugarcane Parents in Different Environments

作　　者：吴建涛[1] 许环映 张垂明[1] 胡后祥[1] 周峰[1] 常海龙[1] 邱永生[1] 王勤南[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州甘蔗糖业研究所海南甘蔗育种场/农业部广东甘蔗种质资源与利用科学观测实验站,海南三亚572025

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第9期1954-1957,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-20-1-6);广东省科技计划项目(2014A030304026;2016A020210016;2015A030302033和2014B070705002)

摘　　要：【目的】研究甘蔗亲本开花有利环境及其遗传特性。【方法】调查兴平育种基地农田和湖边2种环境温湿度差异及其对甘蔗亲本开花的影响,分析甘蔗亲本始花期和抽穗率的广义遗传率。【结果】2种环境平均温度相差不大,但湖边环境平均湿度比农田环境高10.3%(绝对值),更有利于甘蔗花芽分化和幼穗发育。湖边环境开花始花期比农田环境平均提前3.9 d,其中CP72-1210提前8 d。甘蔗亲本抽穗率在湖边环境比农田环境平均高16.93%(绝对值),差异达极显著水平,同一环境下不同甘蔗亲本抽穗率也存在极显著差异。甘蔗亲本始花期广义遗传力为0.918,抽穗率广义遗传力为0.662,遗传力较高,适宜早代选择。【结论】以上结果为甘蔗亲本种植和杂交育种工作提供参考依据。[ Objective ] The present paper aims to research the enabling environment and heritability of sugarcane parents fowering. [ Meth-od ] The differences of temperature and humidity between farmland and lakeside were investigated, and the effects of two environments onflowering of sugarcane parents and the heritability of the initial flowering time and heading rate were analyzed. [ Result ] The difference ofmean temperatures between two environments was insignificant, but the average humidity of lakeside was 10.3 % （ absolute value） higherthan that of farm/and, so lakeside was beneficial for flower bud differentiation and development. The initial flowering time of sugarcane of thelakeside was 3.9 days earlier than that of the farmland, and CP72-1210 was 8 days in advance. The difference of heading rate between twoenvironments reached extremely significant level, the beading rate of sugarcane of lakeside was 16.93 % （ absolute value） higher than thatof farmland, and the heading rates of different sugarcane parents in the same environment had a markedly significant difference. Broad-senseheritability of initial flowering time and heading rate were 0. 918 and 0. 662, respectively, which indicated that the initial flowering time andheading rate had higher heritability, and the two characters should be selected in the early generation. [ Conclusion] The above results pro-vided references for sugarcane parents cultivation and cross breeding.

关 键 词：甘蔗 环境 始花期 抽穗率 遗传 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]