不同海拔高度下恩施烟田的物质流、能量流和价值流特征  

Materials,Energy and Value Flows Analysis of Different Altitude Tobacco Area in Enshi

作　　者：扈瑞瑞 王卫民[3] 彭东[3] 高林[1] 王瑞 李志刚[1,2] 孟贵星 施河丽 申国明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,浙江杭州310002 [4]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第9期2136-2141,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司科技重点项目"清江源’生态富硒特色烟叶生产关键技术研究与应用"(110201202014);浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目"湖北高端‘利群’品牌导向的特色优质烟叶开发"(2015-2018)

摘　　要：【目的】海拔高度对烟田生态系统的光照、温度及其生产效率具有显著的影响。【方法】通过对湖北省恩施州32个典型植烟农户烤烟生产系统的生产情况进行调查,研究了海拔500~900、900~1200、1200~1500 m 3个不同海拔区间内烤烟生产系统中的物质的投入产出、能量的输入输出以及价值转换效益,分析了各海拔高度烟区物质流、能量流及价值流的数量特征。【结果】各海拔高度烟田均需要调控磷、钾肥的施用量,提高利用率。在投能结构上,人工投能占比最大,其次是化肥能。从产投比来看,随着海拔的升高,磷、钾元素产投比和能量产投比逐渐增大,氮素产投比和价值产投比先增加后略微降低。【结论】海拔高度500~900 m烟田的物质产投比、能量产投比和价值产投比均最小,海拔高度在900~1500 m更有利于恩施州烤烟的物质能量高效利用和价值产出。[ Objective ] The illumination, temperature and production efficiency of the ecological system in the tobacco field were significantlyaffected by the altitude. [ Method ] The article focused on the production of 32 typical peasant households in Enshi of Hubei province, the in-put and output of nutrients, energy and economic benefits in the production process of three different altitude flue-cured tobacco（ 500 -900,900 - 1200,1200 - 1500 m） were studied, and the characters of the material, energy and value flow of different altitudes were analyzed.[ Result ] In all the altitude of tobacco area, there were needs for controlling the amounts of N, P fertilizers and increasing the fertilizer appli-cation efficiency. In the construction of energy input, the labor energy was the highest among the energy components, and the fertilizer ener-gy followed. With the increase of altitude, the P, K and energy input to output ratio increased, and the N and value input to output ratio in-creased at first and then decreased. [ Conclusion] The ratios of material, energy and value input to output at the altitude of 500 to 900 meterstobacco were minimum, and the altitude of 900 to 1500 meters was better to improve the ratio of nutrients input to output, energy efficient u-tilization and the ratio of value input to output.

关 键 词：恩施 不同海拔 物质流 能量流 价值流 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]