三方恭维回应策略研究  

A study on compliment responses in triadic contexts

作　　者：夏登山[1] 殷彩艳 蓝纯[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学 [2]北京交通大学

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2017年第5期688-698,共11页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目"三方交际的语用学研究"(13FYY011)部分成果

摘　　要：国内外恭维回应研究主要局限在两方语境中,没有考察第三方在场者对恭维回应行为的影响,且大多用语篇补全任务(DCT)和角色扮演等方法收集语料,语料的准确性和客观性有待提高。本研究采用自然会话录音和实验的方法,收集了233例北京女大学生在两方语境和三方语境中的恭维回应语料,并在"接受-缓和-回避-拒绝"四分法的框架中对比回应策略。结果显示,与Chen(1993)的结论相比,回应者接受恭维的比例确有明显提高,体现出一定程度的西化倾向,但三方恭维回应与两方恭维回应的策略使用差异明显:两方恭维回应者首选接受策略,而三方恭维回应者首选回避和拒绝策略。这一发现表明,汉语文化中恭维回应策略的西化是渐进、分层级的,贬己尊人的礼貌准则在文化深层仍然有重要作用。我们同时发现,与本研究所收集的自然语料相比,DCT恭维回应语料中接受策略的使用比例普遍偏高。Current studies on compliment responses(CRs) are largely confi ned to the dyadic model of communication, without taking into consideration the infl uence of third parties present. The most commonly used methods of data collection in CRs research are discourse completion tasks(DCT)and role play, etc., the objectivity and accuracy of which remain unconfi rmed. With the method of natural conversation recording and experiments, this article collects 233 cases of female college students' CRs both in dyadic and triadic contexts in Beijing, and analyzes the data in the model of "acceptance-mitigation-evasion-rejection". The results show that, compared with the fi ndings of Chen(1993), the frequency of accepting compliments among Chinese college students indeed increases greatly, indicating noticeable western influence on our CR strategies. However, there is a signifi cant difference between the acceptance ratio in dyadic and triadic contexts. In dyadic communication, the compliment receivers generally prefer acceptance strategy, while in triadic contexts, they would choose evasion and rejection. This fi nding indicates that the westernization of CR strategies in Chinese culture is a gradual and layered process. It is also indicated that the use of DCT tends to raise the ratio of acceptance strategy in general in our CRs researches.

关 键 词：恭维回应策略 三方语境 语料收集方法 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]