东北亚政治格局与晚清外交政策的演变  

The Political Structure of Northeast Asia and the Evolution of Foreign Policy in Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：问昕 卢超 

机构地区：[1]渤海大学东北亚走廊研究院,辽宁锦州121013

出　　处：《石家庄学院学报》2017年第5期85-90,共6页Journal of Shijiazhuang University

基　　金：渤海大学卓越项目"东北亚走廊与东北边疆.民族.社会"(15-YJYCS-009)

摘　　要：清政府统治晚期,随着国际形势的演变,外交政策发生了多次变化。由李鸿章等朝廷重臣主导下的晚清政府,最初采取的是"联东制西"的外交政策。但是,随着日本的崛起,侵华野心很快暴露出来,李鸿章便放弃了"联日"的想法,改为"联俄制日"的策略。清政府允许俄国"借地"修筑中东铁路,俄国侵略势力趁机渗透中国东北。由于俄国为首的列强掀起了瓜分中国的狂潮,清政府高层人士终于从"联俄"梦中清醒过来。直至美国提出"门户开放"政策,清政府的决策层认为美国才是值得信赖的国家,于是采取了对后来产生极大影响的"联美英制俄日"外交政策。With the development of the international situation,the foreign policyof the late Qing Dy- nastyhad changed several times.The governmentled by Li Hongzhang and other senior officials of the late Qing Dynasty initially took the foreign policy of ＂Unite the Orient to Counterbalancethe West＂.However, with the rise of Japan, Japanese ambition to invade China was soon exposed, LiHongzhanghad to give up the idea of ＂Unite Japan＂ and changed to ＂Unite Russia to Counterbalance Japan＂. Accordingly, the Qing government allowed Russia to ＂borrow land＂ to build Middle-East Railway. Russia＇s invasion forces seized the opportunity to penetrate northeast China. These senior officials of the Qing government waked up from the dream of ＂Unite Russia＂ at last for the Western powers led by Russia set off a frenzy to carve up China. The Qing government did not recognize that the United States was a trustworthy country until the United States proposed ＂Open-door＂ policy. Then, it adopted the foreign policy of ＂Unite US and Britain to Counterbalance Russia and Japan＂, whichexerted a tremendous effect afterwards.

关 键 词：联东制西 联俄制日 联美英制俄日 美国“门户开放”政策 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]