典型重金属污染地区蔬菜中重金属含量及健康风险  

Vegetable heavy metal content and health risks in the typical heavy metal contaminated area

作　　者：杨俊 吕府红[2] 宋永伟 张敬东 Jerry Blomberg[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学环境与健康研究中心,湖北武汉430073 [2]中南财经政法大学环境管理与政策研究所,湖北武汉430073 [3]Department of Business Administration,Technology and Social Sciences,Lulea University of Technology

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2017年第9期952-956,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目(No.2015M582316);湖北省教育厅人文社科基金项目(No.17YJAZH105)

摘　　要：在大冶市典型重金属污染地区,选择罗家桥街办作为污染区、茗山乡作为对照区,通过采集土壤和蔬菜样品,分析5种重金属(Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb)的含量,评价重金属对当地居民的健康风险,评价参数根据当地居民调查得到。结果表明,污染区土壤样品的5种重金属的平均值均高于背景值,对照区土壤样品的5种重金属的平均值与背景值差异不显著或低于背景值。污染区蔬菜样品的5种重金属的平均值也基本都高于对照区。因此,污染区土壤已经受到了重金属的污染,对照区土壤几乎未受到重金属的污染。健康风险评价结果表明,污染区人群面临着非致癌风险和致癌风险,而对照区健康风险较小。从年龄层看,对非致癌风险抵抗力最弱的是儿童,而对致癌风险抵抗力最弱的是成人。污染区最主要的风险元素是Cd和As。In typical heavy metal contaminated area in Daye City,the content of Cu,Zn,As,Cr and Pb for soil samples and vegetable samples in contaminated area( Luojiaqiaojieban) and reference area( Mingshanxiang) were determined.Health risks of vegetable heavy metal were evaluated according to the questionnaire for local parameters. Results showed that the average concentrations of Cu,Zn,As,Cr and Pb in contaminated area soils were higher than the background level,and those in reference area were the same as or even lower than the background level. The average concentrations of Cu,Zn,As,Cr and Pb in contaminated area vegetables were almost higher than those in reference area,too. In conclusion,the contaminated area had already been polluted by heavy metals while the reference area not. Health risk assessment results showed that people in the contaminated area were suffering both non-carcinogenic risks and the carcinogenic risks. In general,people in the reference area had a little health risk. Children were vulnerable to non-carcinogenic risks and adults were vulnerable to carcinogenic risks. The most risky heavy metals were Cr and As.

关 键 词：重金属污染 蔬菜 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学] X53[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]