不同来源的川金丝猴生命表和种群动态比较分析  

A Comparative Analysis of Life Table and Population Dynamics of Rhinopithecus roxellana from Captivity and Wild

作　　者：刘学锋[1] 由玉岩[1] 王伟[1] 贾婷[1] 胡昕[1] 于泽英 谢钟 赵素芬[1] 张成林[1] 

机构地区：[1]圈养野生动物技术北京市重点实验室,北京动物园,北京100044 [2]中国动物园协会,北京100037

出　　处：《四川动物》2017年第5期481-488,共8页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2013BAD03B01)

摘　　要：基于川金丝猴Rhinopithecus roxellana国际谱系簿(2015),本研究将全世界836只圈养川金丝猴依据个体来源划分为圈养出生组(C组,n=606)和野外来源组(W组,n=230),对2组个体的年龄分布、繁殖率、性比分别进行统计分析,编制2组的生命表,绘制死亡曲线及存活曲线,并计算内禀增长力。结果显示,2组川金丝猴的周限增长率分别为1.113 9和1.065 0,种群数量波动均较小;存活曲线均属于Ⅰ型曲线,为增长型,大多数个体均能实现其平均的生理寿命,可见2组川金丝猴生理寿命特征稳定,种群结构相对稳定。进一步分析发现,W组川金丝猴的生命期望平均余年为6.30±0.72,C组为4.10±0.37,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);9年龄级以前W组死亡率维持在0%~3.94%,而C组维持在2.19%~8.25%,除4年龄级外,W组幼猴和青年猴各年龄级死亡率较C组低0.26%~8.25%,可见,W组种群可持续发展前景更好。Based on the 2015 International Studbook,the 836 captive Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys（ Rhinopithecus roxellana） worldwide were classified into 2 groups： captive born group（ group C） and wild group（ group W）. The life table,mortality curve,survival curve,and innate increase capacity of the 2 groups were calculated through the age structure,reproductive efficiency and sex ratio. The results showed that： the finite increase rates λCand λW of the 2 groups were 1. 113 9and 1. 065 0,respectively,and this indicated that the captive Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys from both groups had small fluctuations of population number. Additionally,the survival curves of both groups showed convex type,indicating that they had relatively stable lifespan and population structure. The mean life expectancy value of group W was 6. 30 ± 0. 72,and this was significantly longer than that of group C（ 4. 10 ± 0. 37,P〈0. 05）. Moreover,the mortality rate of group W was about0%-3. 94%,whereas group C was 2. 19%-8. 25%,and the mortality rate of infant and youth individuals of group W was about 0. 26%-8. 25% lowered than group C except for the 4-year-old,and this might demonstrate a better population sustainability of group W.

关 键 词：川金丝猴 圈养出生 野外来源 生命表 内禀增长力 种群动态 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]