陕北油田钻井废弃物中污染物分析  

Analysis of Pollutants in Northern Shaanxi Oilfield Drilling Waste

作　　者：王建[1] 祁迎春[1] 伍东东 

机构地区：[1]延安大学石油工程与环境工程学院,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《延安大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期41-44,共4页Journal of Yan'an University：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：以陕北采油区钻井废弃物为研究对象,分别依据《污水综合排放标》(GB8978-1996)和《农用污泥中污染物控制标准》(GB4284-84)对钻井废水和废钻井泥浆中的污染物进行了评价。结果表明,钻井废水呈弱碱性,色度为1000~5000,悬浮物含量在28600~87700 mg/L之间,COD达到2497.1~4465.8 mg/L,石油类间于3837~5768 mg/L之间,硫化物在496.4~764.5 mg/L,均远高于三级标准值。石油类和硫化物的含量达到《污水综合排放标》二级标准限值的数百倍。钻井废水中Cr和Zn的含量没有超标,部分井场Cd和Mn超标。废泥浆中Cd、Cr、Cu和Zn未超标,Mn含量低于土壤背景值。In order to provide theoretic background for drilling waste disposal, the drilling waste of oil wells which is in the Northern Shaanxi Oilfield was choosed to carry on the pollutants analysis. The drilling wastewater and waste mud were evaluated according to China national standard ＂integrated wastewater discharge standard＂ （GB 8978 - 1996） and ＂ agricultural sludge pollution control standards＂ （GB 4284 -84）, respectively. Results showed that the drilling wastewater was weakly alkaline, and its colority, suspended solids, COD, petroleum and sulfide in the drilling wastewater ranged from 1000 to 5000 times,28600 to 87700 mg/L,2497.1 to 4465.8 mg/L,3837 to 5768 mg/L and 496.4 to 764.5 mg/L, respectively. These pollution indicators had all seriously beyond of Grade - 3 standard concentration limit of GB 8978 - 1996. Especially the degree of exceeding standard on petroleum and sulfide wgre more serious than others, which were hundreds times than Grade -2 standard concentration limit of GB 8978- 1996. In the drilling wastewater, Cr and Zn were not exceeded, Cd and Mn exceeded standard in some well fields. In the drilling waste mud,Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn were not exceeded, Mn content was lower than the natural background value of soil.

关 键 词：钻井废弃物 硫化物 重金属 化学需氧量 石油烃 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]