延河流域三种土壤可蚀性K值估算方法比较  

Comparative Study of Three Different Methods for Estimation of Soil Erodibility K in Yanhe Watershed of China

作　　者：林芳 朱兆龙[1,2] 曾全超 安韶山[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《土壤学报》2017年第5期1136-1146,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671280);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201501045);西北农林科技大学基本业务费专项(2452015092)资助~~

摘　　要：土壤可蚀性因子K是表征土壤侵蚀作用的敏感指标。采用3种土壤可蚀性K值估算方法(Torri.D模型、EPIC模型、Shirazi公式法)对延河流域土壤可蚀性进行对比研究,以实测K值为依据,采用相关性分析和模型估算筛选出符合该区侵蚀特点的土壤可蚀性估算方法。结果表明:延河流域土壤中有机碳、黏粒、粉粒含量随植被覆盖度的变化由北向南逐渐增加,平均质量直径(D_(MW))表现为森林>森林草原>草原,K_(EPIC)和Kshirazi与D_(MW)呈正相关,而Torri.D模型估算K值(K_(Torri.D))与D_(MW)呈相反的变化趋势,即从草原到森林草原再到森林,土壤团聚体稳定性和抗侵蚀性逐渐增加。K_(Torri.D)的变化范围为0.068~0.147 5,高于真实K值(0.031 2~0.079 6),相比于其他两种方法,Torri.D模型平均绝对误差(MAE)、平均相对误差(MRE)和均方根误差(RMSE)更接近于0,而精度因子(Af)更接近1,具有更高的可信度,更加适用于延河流域土壤侵蚀敏感性评价和土壤流失量预测。[Objective] Soil erodibility K is an international index of soil susceptibility to erosion, and can be used as an important quantitative parameter in evaluating soil erodibility. The Yanhe Valley is located on the Loess Plateau, where soil erosion is very severe, and also very severe in soil erosion. In this case, it is particularly important to conduct research on soil erosion models for this region. In recent years, in studies on soil erodibility of loess, soil erodibility factor K is often used as an index for evaluation of soil erosion. Though certain progress has been made in the research on using the formula method to assess soil erosion factor K in the loess area, it is still infeasible to go on doing researches on estimating K values in some parts of the Loess Plateau due to limitation of data availability and inconsistency between standard plot and observation plot. Besides, the reliability of the formula method still need to be validated. So, it is necessary to design an equation that is workable for estimating soil erodibility K even when inadequate data of soil physical and chemical properties are available. The purpose of this study is to pick out of the three methods currently available for estimating soil erodibility K one that fits the special situation of the river valley. [Method] In this study, comparison was performed between the three methods, i.e. Torri.D model, EPIC model, and Shirazi formula in applicability to estimation of K for the nine catchments of the Yanhe Valley. Collection analysis and Model-based estimation methods were used to process and analyze the data and compare predicted K with measured K, so as to screen out the most suitable one. [Result] Results show that the contents of soil organic carbon, clay and silt gradually increased from north to south with the increasing vegetation coverage. In terms of mean weight diameter （ DMw ） , the three types of vegetation in the valley followed an order of forest 〉 forest-steppe 〉 steppe, and DWM was positively related to the K

关 键 词：延河流域 土壤可蚀性K值 Torri.D模型 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]