转型期公共政策过程的适应性改革及局限  

Adaptive Reform and Limitations of the Public Policy Process in the Course of Transition

作　　者：薛澜[1] 赵静[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院,教授北京100084

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2017年第9期45-67,共23页Social Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划"新时期中国特色应急管理体系的顶层设计和模式重构"(91224009);国家自然科学基金重点项目"基于若干领域政策实践的中国公共决策模式及其现代化路径研究"(71233005)子课题八"中国公共决策模式选择研究"的研究成果

摘　　要：政策过程的时间维度是理解中国公共政策过程和国内治理的一个理论切入点。转型期中国公共政策过程呈现新的特征:政策制定环节被删简,政策执行作为决策补充而表现为权衡与协商的过程。"决策删简—执行协商"作为灵活的过程模式,是在当前中国大量政策议题涌现情形下塑造出的一种过渡性制度安排。政府依赖决策删简机制,能够有效化解决策中面临的社会压力与多元利益,提升政府公共决策和应对外界压力的能力;在执行协商机制下,政策方案逐步细化,利益冲突被内化解决,整体上可以保障深化改革的向前推进和政府治理的系统稳定。因此,这种模式适应于现阶段的中国公共政策治理环境,有助于推进部分领域的政策改革。The temporal dimension of the policy process is a theoretical cut-in point for understanding public policy process and domestic governance in China.The public policy process in China's transition shows new characteristics:decision-making links have been simplified,and the implementation of policies,which supplements the making of decisions,appears as a process of balancing and negotiation.The flexible model ofsimplifying decision-making links—negotiating about implementation'is a transitional institutional arrangement in the circumstances of the contemporary emergence of a large number of policy issues in China.Eliminating or simplifying decision-making links enables the government to effectively deal with social pressures and multiple interests in the decision-making process and enhances its capacity to make public policy and cope with external pressures.The implementation-negotiation mechanism allows policy programs to be refined step by step,internalizing the resolution of conflicts of interest and guaranteeing the furtherance of reform and the systemic stability of government governance.This policy process mode is suited to the contemporary governance environment of Chinese public policy and fosters the enhancement of policy reform in some fields.

关 键 词：决策删简 执行协商 公共政策过程 煤炭改革 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]