中学教师亚健康状态及其与职业应激的相关分析  被引量:3

Sub-health status of middle school teachers and its correlation analysis with occupational stress

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作  者:常文娟 邵红梅 职心乐 许军[2] 谢娟 Chang Wenjuan Shao Hongmei Zhi Xinyue Xu Jun Xie Juan(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, Chin)

机构地区:[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,300070 [2]南方医科大学南方医院卫生经济管理科

出  处:《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2017年第8期585-588,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基  金:国家自然科学基金(81172775);天津市高等学校科技发展基金计划项目(20130140)

摘  要:目的了解天津市中学教师的亚健康、职业应激现状及两者之间的相关关系,为干预亚健康向疾病转化提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2013年4至7月,对天津市6个区县抽取的3522名中学教师以亚健康评定量表(Sub-Health Measurement Scale version1.0,SHMS V1.0)和职业应激量表(Occupational Stress Inventory—Revised Edition,OSI—R)进行问卷调查。结果天津市中学教师亚健康检出率为58.55%,其中女性亚健康检出率为59.71%,高于男性(55.19%),差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05);亚健康检出率随着年龄的增长而升高(Х^2趋势=9.410,P〈0.05),≥50岁组亚健康检出率最高(66.84%)。3522名调查对象OSI-R原始得分为(403.18±41.80)分,其中职业任务问卷(ORQ)、个体应激反应问卷(PSQ)、个体应对资源问卷(PRQ)原始得分分别为(176.00±21.05)、(103.17±17.53)、(124.02±20.28)分,与中国人群常模比较,差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.001)。中学教师不同健康状态下OSI-R各问卷的得分差异有统计学意义(P〈0.001)。职业任务得分、个体应激反应得分与亚健康量表得分呈负相关(P〈0.001),个体应对资源得分与亚健康量表得分呈正相关(P〈0.001)。结论天津市中学教师亚健康检出率较高。相关部门应采取有效措施,适当缓解中学教师的职业应激水平,增加个体应对资源,进行科学有效的健康指导与教育。Objective To study the distribution of sub-health and occupational stress as well as their correlation among middle school teachers in Tianjin, then provide evidences for prevention and control of the status of sub-health. Methods A total of 3 522 middle school teachers from six districts of Tianjin were recruited with stratified cluster sampling strategy for the investigation of Sub-Health Measurement Scale version 1.0 (SHMS V1.0) and Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition (OSI-R). Results Detection rate of sub-health status among Tianjin middle school teachers was 58.55%. Men had significantly lower sub-health detection rate (55.19%) than women (59.71%). Sub-health detection rate increased with age (P〈0.05), the sub-health detection rate among middle school teachers more than 50 years old was the highest (66.84%). The mean score of OSI-R was 403.18± 41.80 with the scores of 176.00±21.05, 103.17±17.53, and 124.02±20.28 for ORQ, PSQ, PRQ, respectively, which showed significantly difference compared with the occupational stress norm of China (P〈0.001). The mean scores of OSI-R, ORQ, PSQ, PRQ in different health status were significantly different (P〈0.001). The partial correlation analysis between the scores of sub-health and occupational stress of middle school teachers showed that the scores of occupational role and personal strain were negatively correlated with the scores of sub-health state (P〈 0.001 ), while, there was significantly positive correlation between the scores of personal resource and the scores of sub-health state (P〈0.001). Conclusion Sub-health detection rate of middle school teachers in Tianjin is higher. Effective measures should be taken to appropriately mitigate the occupational stress level of middle school teachers, increase personal resources , and scientific and effective health guidance and education should be strengthened.

关 键 词:亚健康 职业应激 中学教师 

分 类 号:R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]

 

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