对外贸易对中国人力资本投资的影响:基于个体微观数据的实证研究  

The Impact of Foreign Trade on Human Capital Investment in China: An Empirical Study Based on Individual Micro-Data

作　　者：黄灿[1] Huang Can(Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijin)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2017年第5期181-191,共11页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"人口老龄化背景下人力资本影响贸易模式的作用机制研究"(项目编号:16CJL047)

摘　　要：对外贸易一方面通过增加机会成本对中国劳动者人力资本投资决策造成冲击进而降低投资水平,另一方面又通过提高接受教育的预期收益促进人力资本投资。文章利用三期中国居民收入调查(CHIP)数据,采用OLS回归和倾向性评分匹配方法实证研究了对外贸易对中国人力资本投资的影响。研究发现,对外贸易显著降低了劳动者人力资本投资水平,同时发现这种影响具有异质性。从对不同学历教育投资的影响上看,对外贸易对劳动者高中入学决策造成了冲击,这不利于劳动者获取高中及以上学历教育。从对不同职业技能劳动者人力资本投资的影响上看,对外贸易对劳动者人力资本投资的负面影响主要集中于低技能劳动者,对高技能劳动者获取人力资本投资则有显著的正面影响。On the one hand, foreign trade affects labor＇s human capital investment decisions and reduces invest- ment in China by increasing opportunity costs. On the other hand, foreign trade promotes human capital invest- ment by raising expected income. Using the three -year data from the China Household Income Project （CHIP） , this paper analyzes the impact of foreign trade on China＇s human capital investment using OLS regres- sion and the Propensity Score Matching （PSM） method. Results show that foreign trade reduced labor＇s human capital investment in China. Foreign trade affected labor＇s decision on high school enrollment and reduced the attainment of high school and higher level education. The negative effect of foreign trade on human capital in- vestment mainly focused on low -skilled labor while foreign trade had a significantly positive effect on high - skilled labor.

关 键 词：对外贸易 人力资本投资 机会成本 预期收益 

分 类 号：F12[经济管理—世界经济]