云南绿春县天然次生林和4种人工林树冠层蚂蚁群落多样性  

Diversity of Canopy Foraging Ant Communities in Secondary Natural Forest and Plantations in Lüchun,Yunnan

作　　者：赵婧文[1] 卢志兴[1] 陈又清[1] ZHAO Jing-wen LU Zhi-xing CHEN You-qing(Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2017年第5期823-830,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470493和31270561)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨天然次生林和人工林及人工林树种选择对树冠层蚂蚁群落多样性的影响。[方法]运用树栖蚂蚁陷阱法调查云南省绿春县天然次生林和4种人工林的树冠层蚂蚁群落、植物多样性及植物垂直密度变化。[结果](1)共采集蚂蚁标本17 998头,隶属于6亚科29属68种。(2)树冠层蚂蚁多度:紫胶林-玉米混农林>紫胶林>桉树林>橡胶林>天然次生林。(3)树冠层蚂蚁丰富度:紫胶林-玉米混农林>紫胶林>天然次生林>橡胶林>桉树林。(4)树冠层蚂蚁ACE估计值:紫胶林-玉米混农林>紫胶林>天然次生林>桉树林>橡胶林。(5)树冠层蚂蚁多度和丰富度与枯落物盖度、>300 cm处垂直密度和乔木郁闭度呈显著或极显著负相关,而与植物盖度显著正相关;ACE估计值与枯落物盖度、草本植物盖度和乔木郁闭度显著负相关,与175 199.9 cm区段内垂直密度显著正相关。[结论]人工林对蚂蚁多样性保护有一定积极作用,尤其选择乡土树种保护效果更显著,对人工林进行合理的管理有利于保护生物多样性。[ Objective ] To explore the effect of secondary natural forest and plantations on the diversity of canopy foraging ant communities and the influence of tree selections in plantations on the diversity of canopy foraging ant communities. [ Method ] Investigations of ant communities in secondary natural forest and four plantations were con- ducted by trap at Ltlchun County, Yunnan Province. Meanwhile, the plant diversity and foliage density were inves- tigated. [ Result] （ 1 ） 17998 ant individuals were collected, which belonging to 68 species, 29 genera, and 6 sub- families of Formicidae. （2） Ant abundance ranked as lac insect-corn agroforests 〉 lac insect plantations 〉 euca- lyptus plantations 〉 rubber plantations 〉 secondary natural forests. （3） Ant richness ranked as lac insect-corn agroforests 〉 lac insect plantations 〉 secondary natural forests 〉 eucalyptus plantations 〉 rubber plantations. （4） ACE index ranked as lac insect-corn agroforests 〉 lac insect plantations 〉 secondary natural forests 〉 euca- lyptus plantations 〉 rubber plantations. （5） Significantly negative relationship was found between canopy foraging ant abundance, species richness and litter coverage, foliage density of the zone above 300 cm, and the tree crown density, but positive relationship was found between the ant abundance, species richness and herbage coverage.Meanwhile, there were significantly negative relations between ACE index and litter coverage, herbage coverage, and tree crown density, but a positive correlation between ACE index and foliage density of the zone from 175 cm to 199.9 cm. [ Conclusion]Plantation has a certain positive role to the ant diversity conversation, especially has a significantly effect by choosing native tree. Reasonable management of plantation is conducive to the conservation of biological diversity.

关 键 词：天然次生林 人工林 树种选择 树冠层蚂蚁 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]