无性繁殖植株的生理年龄——由端粒长度引发的思考  

The Physiological Age of Asexual Plants——Thinking Arise from Telomere Length

作　　者：王钦美[1,2] 张志宏[1] 崔建国[2] WANG Qin-mei ZHANG Zhi-hong CUI Jian-guo(College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]沈阳农业大学林学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2017年第5期866-870,共5页Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31600546);中国博士后科学基金项目(2015M571330);辽宁省教育厅一般项目(L2015487);沈阳农业大学教师青年科研基金项目(20131002);沈阳农业大学教学研究项目(2016-107)

摘　　要：植物细胞中端粒长度随年龄的变化远比动物复杂,可分为不变组、延长组、缩短组和循环变化组。尽管如此,端粒长度亦可用于预测植物年龄。在植物组织培养过程中,端粒长度也会变化。故无性繁殖植株生理年龄值得思考和研究。本文基于端粒长度探讨了无性繁殖植株生理年龄。认为生理年龄较老供体可能会无性繁殖出"小老头"无性系,端粒长度可能成为预测植物材料无性繁殖能力和愈伤组织再分化能力的有效新指标,老树复幼和端粒长度的关系是一个很好的研究课题。此外,提出了植物愈伤组织需要足够的时间来抹除外植体"痕迹"的新观点。关于植物无性繁殖过程中的端粒长度,有很多问题亟待研究和探索。The change of telomere length during aging of plant cells has been found to be much more complicated than that in animals. It can be divided into the invariant group, the prolongation group, the shortening group and the circle change group. Nevertheless, the age of plants can also be predicted based on telomere length. Moreover, the telomere length can change during plant tissue culture. Thus, the physiological age of asexual plants is worth to be studied. In the article, the physiological age of asexual plants is discussed based on telomere length. It is con- cluded that the older donor might produce clone with small body but old physiological age, telomere length might be a novel reliable indicator for assessment the ability of both asexual propagation and callus redifferentiation of plants, the relationship between old-tree reinvigoration and telomere length might be a good research project. Furthermore, it is proposed that plant calli need enough time to erase the traces of the explants. Many problems about the telomere length during asexual propagation of plants are urgent to be researched and explored.

关 键 词：端粒 离体快速繁殖 扦插 嫁接 生理年龄 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]