硫化氢对淹水平邑甜茶根系形态构型、叶片活性氧和光合特性的影响  

Effects of hydrogen sulfide on root architecture,leaf reactive oxygen and photosynthetic characteristics of Malus hupehensis under waterlogging

作　　者：魏国芹 曹辉[1] 孙玉刚[2] 邓波[1] 张玮玮 杨洪强[1] WEI Guo-qin CAO Hui SUN Yu- gang DENG Bo ZHANG Wei-wei YANG Hong-qiang(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai＇an 271018, Shandong, China Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai＇ an 271000, Shandong, China）.)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2017年第10期3267-3273,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31372016);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD16B02)资助~~

摘　　要：以盆栽平邑甜茶为试材,分别将盆浸没于5种浓度硫化氢(H_2S)释放剂硫氢化钠(Na HS;0、0.02、0.05、0.1、0.2 mmol·L^(-1))水溶液,以及添加有次牛磺酸(HT;H_2S清除剂)的Na HS水溶液中,10 d后调查根系形态构型、叶片活性氧生成和光合气体交换参数以及植株生长的变化.结果表明:在淹水处理液中加入0.02～0.1 mmol·L^(-1)NaHS,能增加土壤淹水时根系总长度、表面积、体积、直径、根尖数、分形维数、一级侧根数量和根系活力,降低叶片超氧阴离子(O_2^(-·))生成速率和过氧化氢(H_2O_2)含量,提高叶片光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、气孔导度(g_s)、水分利用效率(WUE)和表观CO_2利用效率(CUE),还提高幼苗株高和植株生物量,其中NaHS在浓度0.1 mmol·L^(-1)时作用效果最显著;当NaHS施用浓度达到0.2 mmol·L^(-1)或在0.1 mmol·L^(-1)NaHS中加施次牛磺酸时,上述指标均降回到单纯淹水时的水平.这说明添加适量H_2S能够有效缓解土壤淹水对平邑甜茶根系生长的抑制,可以通过减少活性氧产生以及提高CUE,从而减轻淹水胁迫对叶片光合性能和植株生长的不利影响.The root architecture,leaf reactive oxygen species and photosynthetic characteristics of potted Malus hupehensis seedlings were investigated after 10 days of waterlogging under five concentrations of hydrogen sulfide（ H2S） donor sodium hydrosulfide（ Na SH,0,0. 02,0. 05,0. 1,0. 2mmol·L-1） and Na SH with scavenger hypotaurine（ HT）. The results showed that the root length,root surface-area,root volume,root diameter,root top number,fractal dimension,first lateral roots and root activity all increased,the leaf superoxide anion（ O2^-·） accumulation and hydrogen peroxide（ H2O2） content both decreased,the leaf Pn,Tr,gs,WUE and CUE all raised,the plant height and biomass both increased when the 0.02-0.1 mmol·L^-1 NaHS were added to the waterlogging environment. Adding 0. 1 mmol · L^-1 Na HS showed the best effects. All these parameters dropped back to the level of waterlogging alone when Na HS concentration was 0.2 mmol·L^-1 or HT was added to the 0. 1 mmol · L^-1 NaHS solution. These suggested that applying an appropriate amount of H2S could effectively alleviate the inhibition of soil waterlogging on the root growth of M.hupehensis and relieve the effects of waterlogging stress on photosynthesis and plant growth by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species and increasing CUE.

关 键 词：平邑甜茶 淹水 硫化氢 根系构型 光合作用 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]