施用生物质炭对采煤塌陷区土壤氨氧化微生物丰度和群落结构的影响  

Effects of biochar application on the abundance and structure of ammonia-oxidizer communities in coal-mining area

作　　者：刘远[1] 朱继荣[1] 吴雨晨 束良佐[1] LIU Yuan ZHU Ji-rong WU Yu-chen SHU Liang-zuo(Anhui Province Key Labrotory of Resource and Plant Biotogy, College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, Anhui , China)

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学生命科学学院,资源植物生物学安徽省重点实验室,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2017年第10期3417-3423,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31572202,41501304);安徽省高等学校自然科学研究项目(KJ2016B017)资助~~

摘　　要：生物质炭作为一种新型土壤改良剂,施入土壤不仅能提高肥力,改善土壤结构,还能够影响土壤氮素的转化.本文利用培养试验研究施用生物质炭对采煤塌陷区土壤性质及氨氧化菌丰度和群落结构的影响.结果表明:生物质炭显著提高土壤铵氮(NH_4^+-N)、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量.生物质炭施用量对氨氧化古菌(AOA)丰度没有显著影响,但是增加施用量显著提高了氨氧化细菌(AOB)丰度.对T-RFLP数据进行分析发现,生物质炭提高了AOA和AOB多样性,并在一定程度上改变了AOA和AOB群落结构.施用生物质炭提高了采煤塌陷区土壤养分含量,并在一定程度上提高了氨氧化菌的丰度和多样性,表明生物质炭对塌陷区复垦土壤具有培肥改良的潜能.As a new type of soil amendment,biochar can effectively improve soil fertility,structure and soil nitrogen transformation. We studied the effects of biochar application on soil properties,abundance and community structure of ammonia oxidizer in coal-mining area. The results showed that the biochar application significantly increased contents of soil NH4^＋-N,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and potassium. Compared with the control,no change in the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea（ AOA） was found under biochar treatment,but there was a significant increase in the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria（ AOB）. The analysis of T-RFLP profiles showed that biochar significantly increased the diversity indexes of AOA and AOB,and altered the community structure of both AOA and AOB. Improved soil nutrients as well as increased abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing community to some extent indicated the potential of biochar application in reclamation of coal-mining area soil.

关 键 词：生物质炭 采煤塌陷区 土壤性质 硝化作用 氨氧化菌 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S156.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]