水稻脆茎突变体的主要性状比较研究  

Comparative Studies of Major Characteristics of Rice Brittle Culm Mutants

作　　者：陆荷微 刘斌美[2] 陶亮之[2] 叶亚峰[2] 吴振宇[1] 范爽[2] 吴跃进[2] 王钰[1] LU He-wei LIU B in-mei TAO Liang-zhi YE Ya-feng WU Zhen-yu FAN Shuang WU Yue-jin WANG Yu(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院技术生物与农业工程研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2017年第5期51-55,共5页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：中国科学院STS项目(KFJ-EW-STS-083);国家自然科学青年基金(31301297)

摘　　要：以利用重离子辐照诱变获得的7个水稻脆茎突变体为材料,对其主要农艺性状、茎秆脆性和细胞壁组分等进行了比较研究。结果表明,与野生型对照相比,脆茎突变体部分农艺性状存在显著差异,成熟期秸秆粉碎率大幅提高,茎秆抗折力显著下降,细胞壁中纤维素含量显著下降,而半纤维素含量显著产加。茎秆抗力与纤维素含量呈极显著正相关,与半纤维素含量呈极显著负相关。水稻脆茎突变体cef2成熟期茎秆表现脆性,农艺性状和产量优于野生型对照,后期不易倒伏,收获时秸秆易粉碎,秸秆纤维素降解效率高于野生型对照,是一个优良的水稻脆茎材料。Using seven rice brittle culm mutants generated by heavy study was conducted on their major agronomic characteristics, culm ion irradiation as the materials, a comparative frangibility and cell wall components. The resuhs showed that the brittle culm mutants were significantly different from their wild types in some agronomic characteristics. The culm crushing rate of the mutants increased greatly but their culm breaking resistance was largely weakened with distinctly decreased cellulose content but increased hemi-cellulose content in cell wall in the mature stage. The culm breaking resistance was significantly and positively correlated to the content of cellulose but significantly and negatively correlated to the content of hemi-cellulose in cell wall. The brittle culm mutant of cef2 was of culm frangibility in mature stage, but its grain yield and agronomic characters were better than those of its wild type. Though it had a good frangibility of culms at harvest and a higher digestibility of cellulose in culm cell wall than its wild type, it was not easy to lodging in late growing stage, thus it is a good rice genetic resource with the brittle culm characteristic.

关 键 词：水稻 脆茎突变体 农艺性状 抗折力 纤维素含量 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S335