深水钻井环境因素调查评价方法和流程研究  

Procedure and Methods of Deep Water Drilling Site Environmental Hazards Surveying and Evaluation

作　　者：张异彪 黄涛 李斌[1] 李玉剑 杨文达 ZHANG Yi-Biao HUANG Tao LI Bin LI Yu-Jian YANG Wen-Da(Shanghai Geophysical Branch, Sinopec Offshore Oilfield Services Company, Shanghai 201208, China Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

机构地区：[1]中石化海洋石油工程有限公司上海物探分公司,上海201208 [2]同济大学,上海200092

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第10期154-161,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：中石化科研项目"深水井场地质灾害调查技术与评价方法研究"(JP10003)资助~~

摘　　要：本文总结了深水区12种主要灾害地质因素的成因、危害及其识别方法,介绍了深水钻井环境因素调查评价的主要方法,包括:水文气象桌面研究、利用油气勘探三维地震资料进行深水浅层地质致灾因素评价、水文气象现场观测、深水工程物探调查和深水工程地质勘察等,建立了深水钻井环境因素调查评价的总体流程。有别于浅水钻井井场调查,深水钻井环境因素调查评价应遵循"从区域到局部,由面到点,先概略后精细"的原则,从海区、勘查区、三维地震调查区、井场区、井位等不同层次,分别采用分析文献资料、利用油气勘探三维地震资料进行浅层地质致灾因素评价以及进行井场外业调查等方式进行研究,充分利用上一层次的研究成果,用于指导下一层次的研究。采用这种方法,既能不失全貌,满足对较大范围环境因素概貌的掌握,又能经济地、有针对性的实现对重点区域、部位的精细调查评价。同时,要特别重视利用油气勘探三维地震资料进行浅层地质致灾因素评价,它是研究深水地质灾害的重要手段,而且根据实际情况,能替代部分甚至全部的井场外业调查。Geological,meteorological and metaocean hazards are the main environmental factors that affect drilling safety.12 types of geohazards and its forming mechanism,harm and geophysical characteristics are studied.The main deep water environmental surveying and evaluation methods are studied,including：meteorological and metaocean desktop study,geohazards study using 3D seismic data for petroleum exploration,meteorological and metaocean in-situ surveying,drilling site geophysical surveying and engineering geological investigation.A procedure for deep water drilling site environmental hazards surveying and evaluation is established.Unlike shallow water drilling site investigation,deep water drilling site investigation shall be conducted following the principle of from regional to local,from whole area to a point,first overview then insight.Different levels of study in sea area,block,3Dseismic area,drilling area and drilling site shall be conducted using documents,3D seismic data and field survey data.By using this procedure,the overall situation of the drilling site can be grasped,and the key area can be specifically studied.Study geohazards using 3D seismic data is an economic geohazards evaluation method in deep water and it can replace some field survey in some conditions.

关 键 词：深水 钻井 井场调查 地质灾害 

分 类 号：TE52[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]