从郎中一词看社会称谓语的零度与偏离  

Zero and deviation of social appellation from the Chinese word “郎中”

作　　者：张渊[1] ZHANG Yuan(College of Liberal Arts, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110136, China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学文学院,沈阳110136

出　　处：《闽西职业技术学院学报》2017年第3期94-97,共4页Journal of Minxi Vocational and Technical College

基　　金：2014年度国家社科基金项目"域外汉籍<燕行录>所见明清语言资料的整理与研究(课题编号:14BYY113)";2016年度辽宁经济社会发展立项课题"海外珍藏燕行文献所见满语之兴衰(课题编号:2016lslktziwx-15)"

摘　　要：零度偏离不仅是修辞学中十分重要的理论范畴,而且是语言研究中不可忽视的一种方法论原则。郎中最初作为一个官名,泛指侍从官,后指分掌各司事务的高级部员。宋以后郎中是医官中的一种,故后人就索性把医生叫做郎中。而发展至后来,郎中由尊称变贬称,感情色彩发生偏离。从零度偏离理论出发,郎中作为社会称谓语发生偏离既有历史原因,又有适用对象的转移。Zero and deviation theory is not only very important in rhetoric, but a methodological principle in language studies. The Chinese word ＂郎中＂ initially as a formal name, referred to the aide, and later on referred to senior member responsible for each department affairs. After the Song Dynasty it is a kind of medical official, so people simply called doctor ＂郎中＂. Later on, ＂郎中＂ changed into a disparaging term and and its emotional color deviated. Starting from the theory of zero and deviation, ＂郎中＂ as social appellation deviated for historical reasons and the transfer of the applicable object.

关 键 词：社会称谓语 零度偏离 郎中 心理动因 

分 类 号：H136.4[语言文字—汉语]