超扫描技术在社会认知神经科学中的作用  

The Effect of Hyperscanning Technique in Social Cognitive Neuroscience

作　　者：蔺义芹 张丹丹 LIN Yi-qin ZHANG Dan-dan(School of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science （ Shenzhen University）, Shenzhen, 518060, Chin)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学心理与社会学院 [2]深圳市情绪与社会认知科学重点实验室(深圳大学),深圳518060

出　　处：《应用心理学》2017年第4期300-308,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31571120);国家基础研究计划(973项目;2014CB744600);广东省高等学校优秀青年教师培养计划(YQ2015143);深圳大学人文社会科学青年教师扶持项目(17QNFC43)的资助

摘　　要：超扫描技术主要依托功能磁共振成像、脑电图、近红外光谱成像等设备对处于社会互动中的两人或多人的大脑神经机制进行同时扫描、记录并分析,具有较高生态效度。近年来关于超扫描技术的研究应用已涉及社会神经科学的多个方面,包括信任与公平、合作与竞争、模仿与动作协调以及表情手势及言语交流等。但这些研究结果尚未得到总结,一些结果还存在分歧与矛盾,加之超扫描自身的复杂性都需要研究者在未来对此进行更深入的探究与讨论。Hyperscanning as a technique for measuring brain activity simultaneously from two or more people .has been widely used in social interactions research. This paper mainly reviews prior research on hyperscan- ning in several fields, including： （ 1 ） trust and fairness： brain regions associated with trust and fairness are located in the cingulate gyms and temporo-parie- tal junction ; （2） cooperation and competition ： the coherence between signals generated by partici- pants＇ frontal cortices increases only for cooperation but not during competition, and the gender of part- ner has some effect on neural synchronization; （3） imitation and action coordination： the alpha-mu band in the right centro-parietal region is a signifi- cant neuromarker of social coordination, the in- creased interpersonal brain synchronization appears in the premotor cortex and centro-parietal cortex that associated with mirror-neuron system ; （4） expres- sion, gesture and verbal communication ： a larger co- herence increases between senders and perceivers, inter-brain coherence in the right hemisphere is caused by non-verbal coordination, whereas synchro- ：nization in the left hemisphere results from verbal di- alog. Further, tentative studies on hyperseanning are also discussed to examine patients with psychopathy, including depression, autism and schizophrenia, whose social interactions are largely impaired. Final- ly, given the complexities of hyperscanning, this paper also proposes some suggestions to improve its ap- plicability.

关 键 词：超扫描 信任与公平 合作与竞争 模仿与动作协调 表情手势及言语交流 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]