根际高温胁迫对6种瓜类作物幼苗生长和生理特性的影响  

Effects of High Root-Zone Temperature on Growth and Physiological Characteristics in Six Cucurbit Crops

作　　者：李思思[1,2] 张红梅[1] 金海军[1] 丁小涛[1] 余纪柱[1] 朱月林[2] LI Si si ZHANG Hong-mei JIN Hai-jun DING Xiao-tao YU Ji-zhu ZHU Yue-lin(Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院设施园艺研究所上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201403 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2017年第4期76-82,共7页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-007);上海市科技兴农推广项目[沪农科推字(2016)第2-5-8号]

摘　　要：以黑籽南瓜(Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché)、‘甬砧8号’白籽南瓜(Cucurbita maxima×Cucurbita moschata‘Yongzhen No.8’)、‘春秋王2号’黄瓜(Cucumis sativus‘Chunqiuwang No.2’)、日本南瓜(Cucurbita moschata)、‘五叶香’丝瓜(Luffa cylindrica‘Wuyexiang’)和‘傲美’苦瓜(Momordica charantin‘Aomei’)为试材,采用营养液栽培法,研究了25℃(CK)和35℃(H)根际温度下处理5d及恢复5d后,6种瓜类作物幼苗生长和生理特性变化。结果显示,与CK相比,35℃根际高温处理下6种瓜类作物的株高、茎粗、叶片数和叶面积都有不同程度的增长,日本南瓜和‘五叶香’丝瓜的生长量最大;同时6种瓜类作物的抗氧化酶活性、脯氨酸含量及丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高,其中‘五叶香’丝瓜的脯氨酸含量升高了84.69%,升幅最大,MDA含量仅升高12.01%,升幅最小;6种瓜类作物的叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和根系活力明显降低,其中‘五叶香’丝瓜的净光合速率(Pn)和根系活力分别降低6.15%和1.33%,降幅最小;日本南瓜和‘甬砧8号’白籽南瓜叶片的胞间CO2浓度(Ci)升高,其他4种瓜类作物幼苗叶片的胞间CO2浓度(Ci)显著下降。上述结果表明,6种瓜类作物幼苗对根际高温的耐受性存在明显差异,其中‘五叶香’丝瓜最耐根际高温,可作为提高瓜类作物耐热性砧木加以利用。To inves temperature stress tigate the growth and physiological responses of 6 cucurbit crops to high root-zone （H,35℃） ,seedlings of 6 cucurbit crops were exposed to H and 25℃（CK） for 5 days and following with 5 days of recovery in hydroculture. The results showed that the plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, and leaf area of crops, especially Cucurbita moschata and Luffa cylindrica ＇Wuyexiang＇, increased in H treatment compared with CK. Meanwhile, H significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline content and malondialdehyde （MDA） contents of the crops. The proline and MDA contents of Luffa cylindrica ＇Wuyexiang＇ increased by 84. 69% and 12. 01%, respectively. The plant net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, stomatal conductance （Gs）, transpiration rate （Tr） and root activity decreased significantly during H treatment. The Pn and root activity of Luffa cylindrica ＇Wuyexiang＇ decreased by 6. 15% and 1. 33%. The inter-cellular CO2 concentration（Ci） for Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita maxima × Cucurbita moschata ＇ Yongzhen No. 7% increased in H treatment, while the other four cucurbit crops decreased. The results demonstrated that different cucurbit crops have different tolerance to H stress. Luffa cylindrica ＇Wuyexiang＇ exhibited the highest tolerance, which could be used as heat-resistant rootstocks for cucurbit crops.

关 键 词：瓜类作物 根际高温胁迫 生长 光合 生理 

分 类 号：S642[农业科学—蔬菜学]