有机晶体闪烁体生长的熔体法及其特点  

Melt Method and Its Characteristics for the Growth of Organic Crystal Scintillator

作　　者：刘秀华[1] 谭昭怡[1] 袁永刚[1] 蔺金贤[1] LIU Xiuhua TAN Zhaoyi YUAN Yonggang LIN Jinxian(Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2017年第9期676-680,共5页Materials China

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院环保基金资助项目(675)

摘　　要：闪烁体探测器是最常用的辐射探测器之一,闪烁体是闪烁体探测器的核心探测材料。有机晶体闪烁体具有较高的发光效率,是闪烁体中最有优势的辐射探测材料,但是由于有机材料在熔点温度下具有较高的蒸汽压、热不稳定性和较差的热导率,导致有机晶体闪烁体的制备条件非常苛刻。有机晶体的制备方法主要是熔体法和溶液法,对使用最广泛的熔体法进行了综述,总结了熔体法中布里奇曼技术和恰克拉斯基技术的特点、所用的典型的结晶器结构,分析了各方法中影响有机晶体闪烁体生长的影响因素。Scintillator detector is a kind of the radiation detector in common use, and scintillator is the core part in scintillator detector. Organic crystal scintillator is the most preponderant radiation detecting material for its high irradiance efficiency. But because of the high vapor pressure, thermal instability and poor thermal conductivity of organic materials at melting temperature, the preparation conditions of organic crystal scintillator are ve^3＇ rigorous. The main preparation methods of organic crystal are melt methods and solution methods. The most frequently used melt methods include Bridgman technique and Czochralski technique. In this paper, the characteristics, configurations of typical crystal growth equipments and factors influencing the growing of organic crystal scintillator of the two techniques are summarized.

关 键 词：闪烁体 有机晶体 熔体法 生长 布里奇曼技术 恰克拉斯基技术 

分 类 号：O78[理学—晶体学]