设施蔬菜辣椒生长发育、果实品质及内源激素对外施赤霉素的响应  

Responses of Plant Growth,Fruit Quality and Endogenous Hormones of Greenhouse Cultivated Capsicum annuum to Exogenous Gibberellic Acid(GA_3)

作　　者：丁亮 马林 张红菊[2] DING Liang MA Lin ZHANG Hongiu(Agricultural Extension Center of Ganzhou District, Zhangye 734000, China College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省张掖市甘州区农业技术推广中心,甘肃张掖734000 [2]河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2017年第3期208-216,共9页Soils and Crops

基　　金：甘肃省星火计划项目(1006NCXG004);甘肃省教育厅科研项目(1009B-10)资助

摘　　要：以陇椒2号为试验材料,研究了有机复合基质栽培下叶面喷施GA_3对设施蔬菜辣椒生长发育、果实产量、品质及内源激素的影响。结果表明:叶面喷施200 mg·L^(-1)和250 mg·L^(-1)GA_3均显著增加了辣椒生育期的植株株高和干物质积累量,降低了落花落果率,增加了辣椒长度、直径、果皮厚度、单果重和产量,二者之间没有显著差异。喷施200 mg·L^(-1)的GA_3植株株高、干物质积累量、单果(鲜)重和单株平均产量与对照(清水)相比分别提高11.8%,22.5%,16.1%和7.6%。叶面喷施200 mg·L^(-1)和250 mg·L^(-1)的GA_3均显著增加了辣椒果实中维生素(Vc)、可溶性蛋白、还原糖及可溶性糖含量,改善了辣椒果实的品质。喷施200 mg·L^(-1)的GA_3处理辣椒果实Vc、可溶性蛋白及可溶性糖含量在盛果期和拉秧期与对照(清水)相比分别增加了19.7%和22.6%,18.4%和14.8%,15.0%和14.9%。此外,叶面喷施200 mg·L^(-1)和250 mg·L^(-1)的GA_3均显著增加了辣椒果实脱落酸(ABA)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)平均含量,而对玉米素(ZR)平均含量没有显著影响。从经济效果考虑,叶面喷施200 mg·L^(-1)GA_3三次是设施蔬菜辣椒栽培中高产优质的实用技术。In the study,we used Capsicum annuum（Long-jiao NO.2,bred by Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science） as the experimental material to examine the effects of GA_3 application on growth,yield and quality of greenhouse vegetable C.annuum under the cultivation conditions of organic compound substrate.The results showed that compared with control（water）,200 and 250 mg·L^（-1）GA_3 significantly increased the plant growth and dry weight accumulation,decreased the rates of flower and fruit abscissions,and increased fruit length,diameter,peel thickness,single fruit weight and yield,but no significant differences were observed between the two concentrations.Compared with control,200 mg·L^（-1）GA_3 significantly increased the plant height,dry weight accumulation,single fruit weight and yield by 11.8%,22.5%,16.1% and 7.6%,respectively.Moreover,250 mg·L^（-1）GA_3 significantly improved the quality of Capsicum annuum,and the Vc,soluble protein,soluble sugar were significantly increased by 19.7% and 22.6%,18.4%and 14.8%,15.0% and 14.9%,respectively.Spraying GA_3 also significantly improved the concentrations of abscisic acid（ABA）and indole acetic acid（IAA） in fruit,but had no significant effect on the concentrations of zeatins（ZR） during the fruit accumulation period.The results suggested that three times foliar application of 200 mg·L^（-1）GA_3 can significantly promote the growth,increase yield and improve the quality of fruits of C.annuum from economy angle.

关 键 词：辣椒(陇椒2号) GA3 生长发育 产量 果实品质 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]