2012—2016年广西食品中^(226)Ra放射性水平调查  

Investigation and analysis of ^(226)Ra radioactivity level in food in Guangxi Province from 2012-2016

作　　者：赵新春[1] 冯兰英[1] 马一龙 雷家杰 卢秀芳[1] 谢萍[1] 周艳[1] 陈掌凡[1] 覃志英[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心放射卫生防护所,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第17期2349-2351,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广西医药卫生科研课题项目(Z2014158);广西医疗卫生适宜技术研究与开发项目(S201560)

摘　　要：目的调查和掌握广西食品中^(226)Ra放射性本底水平并估算居民由膳食摄入所致内照射剂量。方法依据国标GB/T16145-1995《生物样品中放射性核素的γ能谱分析方法》和国标GB/T11713-2015《高纯锗γ能谱分析通用方法》,采集广西粮食、蔬菜、海产品、淡水鱼类、禽畜肉类、茶叶和奶粉7大类149个样品进行监测,并对数据进行分析和比较。结果 ^(226)Ra检出142份,检出率为95.3%,检出的比活度范围为0.013~3.65 Bq/kg,粮食中以豆类^(226)Ra比活度最高,均值为(0.457±0.164)Bq/kg,粮食中^(226)Ra比活度高低次序为豆类>薯类>大米>玉米。蔬菜中叶菜和瓜类^(226)Ra比活度很接近,约0.07~0.08 Bq/kg。动物性食品中^(226)Ra含量以海蟹类、海虾类最高,比活度均值分别达(0.908±0.277)和(0.552±0.175)Bq/kg。所检样品中以茶叶中^(226)Ra含量最高,其均值为(2.67±0.334)Bq/kg。经^(226)Ra摄入所致成人平均年待积有效剂量为17.22μSv/a,其中粮食、畜禽肉类、鱼虾蟹和蔬菜分别贡献4.389、3.924、3.058和2.718μSv/a。结论广西食品中^(226)Ra放射性水平均在国家标准限值以内,居民由膳食摄入所致内照射剂量在相关文献报道的范围之内,也低于我国食品所致内剂量水平,对人体的健康不会造成影响。[Objective] To investigate the ^226Ra radioactive background level in food in Guangxi Province,estimate the internal radiation dose caused by diet for the residents. [Methods] According to the Gamma spectrometry method of analysing radionuclides in biological samples（GB/T16145-1995） and the General analytical methods of high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer（GB/T 11713-2015）,149 samples of 7 categories（including grain,vegetables,seafood,freshwater fish,poultry meat,tea and milk powder） in Guangxi were monitored,and the data were compared and evaluated. [Results]The detection rate of^226Ra was 95.3%,and the specific activity ranged from 0.013 to 3.65 Bq/kg. The specific activity of ^226Ra of beans was the highest in grain,with an average of（0.457±0.164）Bq/kg,and the specific activity of grains in descending order was as follows：beans potato rice corn. The specific activities of leafy vegetables and melons were very close,about 0.07-0.08 Bq/kg. Among animal foods,the contents of ^226Ra in shrimp and crab were the highest,which the specific activity reached（0.908±0.277） and（0.552±0.175）Bq/kg respectively. The content of ^226Ra in tea samples was the highest,with an average of（2.67±0.334）Bq/kg.The average annual accumulated effective dose caused by intake of^226Ra in adults was 17.22 μSv/a,while the grain,meat and poultry,fish shrimp and crab and vegetables respectively contributed 4.389 μSv/a,3.924 μSv/a,3.058 μSv/a and 2.718 μSv/a.[Conclusion]^226Ra radioactive level in food in Guangxi Province meets the national standard limit,the accumulated effective dose caused by diet in residents is within the value from the relevant literature,is also lower than the internal dose level of food in China,and it will not cause impaction on human health.

关 键 词：^226RA Γ能谱仪 放射性水平 比活度 年待积有效剂量 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]