2015年哈尔滨市寒日天气对心脑血管发病的影响  

Influence of cold weather on incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Harbin City in 2015

作　　者：兰莉[1] 王蕊[1] 杨超[1] 王春莲[1] 林琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,黑龙江哈尔滨150056

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第17期2352-2354,2358,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项资金项目(2014RFQGJ185)

摘　　要：目的探讨哈尔滨市寒日天气对人群心脑血管发病的影响,为心脑血管疾病的预防提供理论依据和措施。方法收集2015年冬季哈尔滨市心脑血管日发病数据和同期的大气污染及气象监测资料,采用病例交叉研究,应用条件logistics回归模型分析寒日对心脑血管发病的影响。结果 2015年冬季哈尔滨共发生19个寒日,分析发现发病前1 d、前4 d、前6 d的寒日天气暴露情况对心脑血管疾病发病的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中前1 d的OR值最大为1.173(1.086~1.268)。在控制了延迟效应、星期几效应及气象因素等混杂因素的基础上,发现寒日≤-23.8℃、平均气压、二氧化硫对心脑血管发病的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论前1 d的OR值最大,提示寒日对心脑发病影响存在延迟效应;寒日(≤-23.8℃)的OR值为1.413(1.308~1.526),提示寒日天气是心脑血管发病的危险因素,应注意寒日天气的防寒保暖,特别是高危人群更应加强防护意识。[Objective] To investigate the influence of cold weather on the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Harbin City,provide theoretical basis and measures for prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.[Methods]The daily data of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Harbin City in the winter of 2015,as well as the air pollution and meteorological monitoring data were collected. Using case-crossover study,the conditional logistic regression model was used to investigate the influence of cold days on the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.[Results]There were 19 cold days in the winter of 2015 in Harbin City. The analysis revealed that cold weather exposure of the first day,4th day and 6th day before the onset had significant influence on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases（P0.05）,and the OR value of the first day before the onset was the largest（1.173,1.086-1.268）. After controlling for the delay effect,week effect,meteorological factors and other confounding factors,it was found that the cold weather（≤-23.8 ℃）,average pressure and sulfur dioxide had significant influence on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases（P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]The OR value of the first day before the onset is the largest,which indicates that there is a delay effect on the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in cold days. The OR value of cold weather（≤-23.8 ℃） is 1.413（1.308-1.526）,which shows that the day of cold weather is the risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.It is necessary to pay attention to warmth retention in cold weather,especially improve the protection consciousness among high-risk groups.

关 键 词：寒日天气 心脑血管疾病 病例交叉研究 条件logistics回归模型 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]