AnMBR-A-MBR和A^2-MBR工艺处理焦化废水效果与急性毒性物质特征对比  

Coking Wastewater Treatment Efficiency and Comparison of Acute Toxicity Characteristics of the An MBR-A-MBR and A^2-MBR Processes

作　　者：朱佳迪 李菲菲[1] 陈吕军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]浙江清华长三角研究院浙江省水质科学与技术重点实验室,嘉兴314006

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第10期4293-4301,共9页Environmental Science

摘　　要：焦化废水含高浓度难降解有机物,生物处理是应用最为广泛的方法.为探索并提高焦化废水生物处理的去除效果,采用实验室构建的厌氧膜生物反应器/缺氧/好氧膜生物反应器(An MBR-A-MBR)与厌氧/缺氧/好氧膜生物反应器(A^2-MBR)工艺处理实际焦化废水,对比了两套处理工艺在最佳工况下稳定运行对主要污染物的去除效果和对不同污染负荷的稳定性.采用固相萃取和组分分离、发光细菌Q67测试和三维荧光扫描等手段,对二者各级出水的急性毒性分布和变化以及毒性物质特征进行了研究.结果表明,An MBR的有机污染物去除率为15.3%,显著高于A^2-MBR系统的厌氧段(3.4%),An MBRA-MBR系统能够抵抗更高的污染负荷.An MBR-A-MBR系统各级出水的急性毒性均明显低于A^2-MBR系统,二者毒性当量总去除率分别为85.2%和79.2%.各级出水中极性组分的急性毒性最强,极性和弱极性组分贡献了绝大部分毒性当量.各级出水的急性毒性主要来自Ⅱ区芳香族蛋白类似物,且Ⅱ区芳香族蛋白类似物可能是极性组分中主要的急性毒性物质.Coking wastewater contains high-strength refractory organic pollutants and is commonly treated by biological treatment processes. To improve the efficiency of biological treatment,two laboratory scale processes,anaerobic membrane bioreactor/anoxic/aerobic membrane bioreactor（ An MBR-A-MBR） and anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic membrane bioreactor（ A^2-MBR）,were developed for coking wastewater treatment. The removal of main pollutants and the stability of different pollutant loadings were compared under the optimum operating conditions. Acute toxicity distribution,variations,and toxic matter characteristics of the two processes were investigated by solid-phase extraction,components separation,the luminous bacteria Q67 test,and three-dimensional fluorescence spectrometry. The results showed that the organic pollutant removal rate of An MBR was 15. 3%,which was significantly higher than the anaerobic stage of the A^2-MBR system（ 3. 4%）,and the An MBR-A-MBR system had greater resistance to pollutant loading. Acute toxicity of An MBR-A-MBR system in each stage effluent was lower than the A^2-MBR system and the total toxic unit removal rate of both were 85. 2% and 79. 2%,respectively. The acute toxicity of the polar component in each stage effluent was the highest,and the polar and mid-polar components contributed to the majority of the toxicity. The toxicity of each stage effluent mainly originated from RegionⅡ aromatic protein analogues,which could be the main acute toxicity substances of the polar component.

关 键 词：焦化废水 厌氧膜生物反应器 MBR工艺 对比分析 急性毒性 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]