“盲”“矇”“瞽”“摀”“瞍”“瞎”等疾病词考  

Make textual criticisms and explanations of mang(盲), meng(矇),gu(瞽), qia(摀), sou(瞍) and xia(瞎)

作　　者：李曌华[1] 王育林[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029

出　　处：《长春中医药大学学报》2017年第5期846-849,共4页Journal of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“汉语医学名物词研究”(11BYY068)

摘　　要："瞽"指有眼皮但是没有眼球,眼皮闭合平平如鼓皮而看不见,得名于"鼓";"矇"指眼睛没有任何异常,瞳仁为翳膜所覆盖而看不清楚,得名于"冡"所包含的"因有所遮盖而不明"的特征义;"瞍"指没有眼球而看不见,得名于"叟"所包含的"损坏、破坏"的特征义;"盲"指没有黑睛而看不见,得名于"亡"所包含的"没有"的特征义,后又引申泛指眼睛看不见,为眼睛看不见之统称;"摀"指眼睛凹陷,"瞎"本作"陷,",指黑睛枯陷导致眼睑黏合而看不见,得名于"曷"所包含的"败坏"和"竭尽"的特征义。六者本义有别,但后世渐不加以区分,均用于泛指眼睛失明。It shows that gu（瞽） has eyelid without eyeball, which eyelid is flat like drum leather, and named after the characteristic of drum. Meng（矇） refers to eyes without abnormalities, but pupil is covered with ocular,and named after the characteristic of not clear with cover in meng（冡）. Sou（瞍） is without eyeball and named after the characteristic of damage in sou（叟）. Mang（盲） is without cornea and iris, which named after the characteristic of none in wang（亡）,and its extended meaning refers to blind. Qia（[目咸]） refers to sunken eyes, The original form of xia（瞎） is xia（[目曷]）,it refers to sunken eyes with eyelid bond due to illness, and named after the characteristic of corrupt and exhaustion in he（曷）, The original meaning of six vocabulary above are different, but them does not distinguish later ages, and both meant in general blind.

关 键 词：盲 矇 瞽 ([目咸]) 瞍 瞎 考释 

分 类 号：R2-09[医药卫生—中医学]