不同小麦品种主茎茎秆形态结构特征及其与倒伏的关系  

Research on Stalk Morphological Structure Characteristics and Its Relationship between with the Lodging of Different Wheat Varieties

作　　者：胡昊[1,2] 李莎莎 华慧[1] 孙蒙蒙 康娟 夏国军 王晨阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002 [2]史丹利化肥股份有限公司,山东临沭2767001

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2017年第10期1343-1348,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD26B01);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2016YFD0300404)

摘　　要：为给小麦抗倒育种和栽培提供参考,选用河南省有代表性的6个小麦品种(矮抗58、周麦22、豫农202、郑麦004、偃展4110和豫农416),研究了其茎秆形态特征和解剖结构的变化特点及其与抗倒伏性的关系。结果表明,矮抗58、周麦22和豫农202未发生倒伏,其余品种在生育后期均发生不同程度倒伏。株高、重心高度、基部节间长度和小维管束数目与抗倒伏指数均呈极显著负相关,茎秆第2节间粗度和壁厚与抗倒伏指数呈极显著正相关。矮抗58抗倒性较强的原因是株高和重心高度低,豫农202的第1和第4节间长度以及基部节间(第1和第2)长度占总茎长的比例均最小,而周麦22基部节间粗度和壁厚最大,这3个抗倒品种间机械组织层数和厚度无显著差异。In order to provide reference for wheat breeding and cultivation with high lodging resistance,six wheat varieties（Aikang 58,Zhoumai 22,Yunong 202,Zhengmai 004,Yanzhan4110 and Yunong 416）, which were widely planted in Henan province, were used in this experiment. The stalk morphological structure characteristics and anatomical structure and their relationship with plant lodging were investigated. The results showed that plnat lodging didn＇t happen in the three varieties of Aikang 58,Zhoumai 22 and Yunong 202,and happened in the other varieties as later growth stage.The plant height, the height of gravity center, the basal internode length and the number of small vascular bundle were significantly negatively correlated with the lodging-resistance index of wheat. The diameter of the second internode and the wall thickness were significantly positively correlated with lodging resistance index. Among the three lodging resisitance varieties （Aikang 58, Yunong 202 and Zhoumai 22）, Aikang 58 had the lowest plant height and gravity center, and Yunong 202 had the smallest values of the internode length （the first and forth internodes） and the percentage of basal internode （the first and second internodes） length to total internode length, while Zhoumai 22 had the largest values of culm diameter and wall thickness.

关 键 词：小麦 茎秆 形态结构 解剖结构 抗倒伏指数 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311