稻蟹共作与蟹单作模式下中华绒螯蟹肠道及养殖环境细菌群落组成比较  

A comparative study of microbiota from the intestine of Chinese mitten crab( Eriocheir sinensis) and their culture environment,between rice-crab coculture and crab monoculture models

作　　者：成永旭[1,2] 刘洪天 常东 曾奇韬[1] 孙中勇[1] 李嘉尧 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海高校知识服务平台水产动物遗传育种中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2017年第5期682-690,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海高校水产学高峰学科建设项目(2015-62-0908);上海科技兴农推广项目(沪农科推字2015第1-7号);"稻-渔"耦合养殖技术研究与示范(201203081);科技部港澳台科技合作专项(2014DFT30270)

摘　　要：为分析稻蟹共作和蟹单作模式下中华绒螯蟹肠道及养殖环境细菌群落组成的差异,利用Miseq平台对微生物16S rRNA基因V4区高通量测序,比较分析两种模式下的细菌群落变化。结果显示:两种模式下具有显著差异(P<0.05)菌门,肠道中为酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和互养菌门(Synergistetes);水体中为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)和Armatimonadetes菌门;底泥中为浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。两种模式下具有显著差异(P<0.05)菌属,肠道中有14个,水体中有18个,底泥中有13个。稻蟹共作与蟹单作肠道、水体、底泥的Chao、ACE丰富度指数,以及Shannon和Simpson多样性指数差异不显著。通过对两种模式下水体、土壤及肠道中具有显著差异(P<0.05)的分支杆菌属(Mycobacterium)、红杆菌属(Rhodobacter)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)、硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira),蓝藻细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、柔膜菌门(Tenericutes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)比较分析后发现:一些厌氧、高亚硝酸盐环境下的常见优势菌属在蟹单作水体、土壤中的丰度显著高于稻蟹共作,稻蟹共作条件下养殖河蟹的肠道微生物构成上更接近野生河蟹,其肠道细菌群落特点也反映出共作养殖环境优于单作模式,且有利于河蟹生长。To investigate the differences in the compositon and diversity of bacterial community in the intestine,water and sediment of rice-crab co-culture and crab monoculture models,Illumina sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region 16 S rRNA gene revealed extensive changes in bacterial communities. At the phylum level,7 bacterial phyla were found,including Acidobacteria and Synergistetes in the intestine,Bacteroidetes,Cyanobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes and Armatimonadetes in the water,Planctomycetes in the sediment. At the genus level,there were 14,18 and 13 bacterial genera in the intestine,water and sediment respectively.No significant differences in the abundance indexes（ Chao,ACE） and the diversity indexes（ Simpson,Shannon） of the intestinal,water and sediment samples were observed between two production models.Comparative analysis of bacterial groups with significant difference in the water and sediment（ Mycobacterium,Rhodobacter,Flavobacterium,Nitrospira,Cyanobacteria,Acidobacteria,Planctomycetes,Tenericutes and Firmicutes） revealed bacterial species that indicate an anaerobic or high nitrite environment was more abundant in the samples of crab monoculture model. The composition of intestinal bacterial community of ricecrab co-culture model was closer to that in wild populations,which also indicated the environment of rice-crab co-culture is healthier than crab monoculture and is beneficial to the growth of Eriocheir sinensis.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 细菌群落 稻蟹共作 肠道 环境 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学] S966.16