紫菀鞘锈菌的一个新寄主及其细胞学和超微结构特征  

A new host record and cytological and ultrastructural characteristics of Coleosporium asterum in China

作　　者：王琪 李晓林[1] 张敬泽[1] 胡美华 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院生物技术研究所,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江省农业技术推广中心,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《菌物学报》2017年第10期1376-1382,共7页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31571950);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2015C02023)~~

摘　　要：加拿大一枝黄花Solidago canadensis是一种外来入侵植物。由于它强大的竞争能力并缺乏自然天敌,这种植物在我国东部迅速扩展和蔓延,已引起严重生态问题。我们于2015年5月在浙江宁波地区第一次发现加拿大一枝黄花锈病。该病在叶片上产生黄斑,大量夏孢子堆和夏孢子覆盖植物叶片,引起叶片扭曲、叶疫和落叶。依据形态学特征和分子数据,引起加拿大一枝黄花锈病的病原菌被鉴定为紫菀鞘锈菌Coleosporium asterum。超微结构分析揭示,在一个孢子堆中冬孢子形成、萌发以及担子的产生是一个连续的过程,即在一个孢子堆中,既有冬孢子发育又有担子发育,而个体冬孢子间或担子间也具有不同的发育水平。研究结果为进一步探索病害侵染循环以及病原菌对寄主生长和传播的影响提供了科学数据。Due to its strong competitiveness and lack of the natural enemies, goldenrod （Solidago canadensis） spreads rapidly in eastern China, especially in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, resulting in seriously ecological problems. The rust disease on goldenrod was observed in the suburbs of Ningbo, Zhejiang Province in May 2015. The leaves infected by the rust showed yellow spots with uredinia and massive urediniospores, causing leaf distortion, blighting and defoliation. On the basis of ts morphological and molecular characteristics, the causal agent was identified as Coleosporillm asterum. TEM observation showed that teliospore formation and germination as well as basidial development were a continuous process. A sorus contained simultaneously both teliospore and basidia being in different level of development. Our studies provide scientific data for further research of infective cycle and dissemination of the rust in China .

关 键 词：真菌 28S核糖体DNA 超微结构 鉴定 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护] S476.1