印度洋公海海域黄鳍金枪鱼鱼体脂肪含量与生物学参数的关系  

Relationship between muscle fat content and biological parameters in Thunnus albacares in the high seas of the Indian Ocean

作　　者：宋利明[1,2,3,4] 沈智宾 季诚 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海海洋大学,上海201306 [3]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海海洋大学,上海201306 [4]远洋渔业协同创新中心,上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《水产学报》2017年第9期1407-1414,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划(2012AA092302);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金联合项目(20113104110004);上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(12ZZ168)~~

摘　　要：研究黄鳍金枪鱼鱼体脂肪含量与其生物学参数的关系有利于确定其鱼体脂肪含量与生物学参数是否有关并掌握鱼类的生长、繁殖和渔场特性。本研究根据2013年10月到2014年4月在印度洋中西部海域延绳钓渔业调查中采集到的91尾黄鳍金枪鱼,测定了其脂肪含量和生物学参数等,应用频率统计法分析了其脂肪含量的时空分布,脂肪含量与性别、体质量、性腺成熟度的关系;应用GAM方法分析了脂肪含量与条件系数(K)、纯重系数(SI)、性腺指数(GSI)、叉长(FL)的关系。结果显示:(1)黄鳍金枪鱼的脂肪含量为0.1%~26.7%,平均脂肪含量为6.94%;(2)黄鳍金枪鱼10—12月份月平均脂肪含量总体较低,12月份以后月平均脂肪含量呈上升趋势;2°N^3°N,59°E^60°E区域的平均脂肪含量最高,为15.3%,7°S^8°S,44°E^45°E区域的最低,为1.2%,两者之间具有显著性差异;(3)各性别、体质量组、性腺成熟度、叉长组的脂肪含量无显著性差异;(4)黄鳍金枪鱼脂肪含量与条件系数(K)、纯重系数(SI)、性腺指数(GSI)、叉长(FL)均无显著相关性。研究表明:(1)3、4月份黄鳍金枪鱼开始进入产卵期;(2)2°N^3°N,59°E^60°E可能是一重要的产卵场;(3)雌性的繁殖能力与鱼体脂肪含量无显著相关性。The relationships between muscle fat content and biological parameters of the yellowfin tuna（Thunnus albacares） were studied to determine if there were any relationships between them and to better understand its characteristics of growth, reproduction and the fishing ground. The biological data and muscle fat content of 91 yellowfin tuna were collected from the longline fishery in waters of 6°33′N～10°33′S, 44°54′E～68°32′E, Western Central Indian Ocean from October, 2013 to April, 2014. Histogram count figures were obtained to show the spatial or temporal distribution of fat content and fat content by gender, dressed weight, and gonad maturity. A generalized additive model（GAM） was used to analyze the relationships between fat content and condition factor（K）, somatic index（SI）, gonadosomatic index（GSI） and fork length（FL）. Results showed that：（1） the fat content of yellowfin tuna was in the range of 0.1%–26.7%, and the average was 6.94%;（2） the fat content of yellowfin tuna was low from October to December, 2013, and then was increasing after December, 2013. The fat content of（2°N～3°N, 59°E～60°E） was the highest（15.3%） and that of（7°S～8°S, 44°E～45°E） was the lowest（1.2%）, and there was significant differences among them;（3） there was no significant difference among the fat contents by gender, gonad weight, gonad maturity stages or fork length;（4） By GAM, the results showed that there was no significant correlation between fat content and K, SI, GSI or FL. Results of this study suggest that：（1） the yellowfin tuna begin to reproduce in March and April;（2） the area of 2°N～3°N, 59°E～60°E might be an important spawning ground;（3） there was no significant correlation between female reproductive capacity and muscle fat content.

关 键 词：黄鳍金枪鱼 脂肪含量 生物学参数 印度洋公海 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]