不同技术来源、技术进步偏向性与能源强度  

Biased technical progress,ownership structure and energy efficiency

作　　者：董直庆[1] 赵景[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学经济学院,上海200241

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第5期102-111,共10页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"新常态下我国经济增长动力转换和新增长点培育研究"(15AZD002);国家社科基金一般项目"中等收入阶段中国技术进步方向和生产率提升研究"(14BJL031);国家自然科学基金项目"我国技术进步偏向性的形成机理;路径依赖和跨国传递机制"(71573088);上海市软科学重点项目"物化型技术进步及其对经济增长的贡献测度"(16692105500)成果之一

摘　　要：构建超越对数成本函数,基于2001—2014年中国省际面板数据,估计八种来源技术进步偏向性,以及中性技术进步与有偏技术进步对能源强度的影响,并探析所有制结构对政府R&D支出与企业R&D支出技术进步能源偏向性的影响。结果显示:(1)不同技术来源的能源强度效应存在非一致性。其中,三种R&D技术、引进国外技术、购买国内技术和出口六种来源的技术进步总效应可降低能源强度,技术改造与进口来源技术的总效应却增加能源强度,有偏技术进步效应大于中性技术进步效应;(2)R&D资金的性质不同对能源强度作用差异明显。其中,政府R&D支出为能源节约型,企业R&D支出为能源使用型;(3)所有制结构与能源-资本相对丰裕交互效应、能源节约-劳动相对丰裕度是政府R&D支出为能源型和企业R&D支出为能源使用型的主要原因。By building a trans-logarithmic cost function and analyzing China’s provincial panel data from 2001 to 2014,this paper analyzes the technological progress bias of eight sources,the influence of neutral technical progress and biased technology on the energy intensity,and the influence of ownership structure on technology progress energy of government-funded R&D and enterprise-funded R&D.We have the following results.(1)The total effect of six kinds of technologies including three R&D technologies,introduction of foreign technology,purchase of domestic technology and export can reduce energy intensity;the total effect of two kinds of technologies including technological renovation and import can increase energy intensity;and biased technological progress effect is greater than the neutral technological progress effect.(2)Different kinds of R&D funds exert different effects on energy intensity:government-funded R&D is energy-saving technological progress while the enterprisefunded R&D is energy-using technological progress.(3)The second result can be explained by the interaction effect between ownership structure and energy capital as well as that between energy efficiency and labor supply.

关 键 词：技术来源 有偏技术进步 R&D 能源强度 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济] F426.2