工业闭孔泡沫铝压缩力学性能及变形机理  

Mechanical Properties and Deformation Mechanism of Industrial Aluminum Foams

作　　者：闫畅[1] 宋绪丁[1] 荆传贺 封硕 YAN Chang SONG Xuding JING Chuanhe FENG Shuo(Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology N- Equipment of Ministry of Education, Chang~an University, Xi~an 710064)

机构地区：[1]长安大学道路施工技术与装备教育部重点实验室,西安710064

出　　处：《材料导报》2017年第18期92-96,101,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：中央高校基金(310825175007;310825163407;310825161001);陕西省科技统筹创新工程重点实验室项目(2014SZS11-P04)

摘　　要：泡沫铝是一种新型的结构和功能材料,因特殊的能量吸收特性而在工程领域具有很好的应用前景。为了研究基体材料对泡沫铝力学性能和变形失效机理的影响,同时为工业泡沫铝材料提供更具参考价值的性能指标,对工业上最常见的两种不同基体(纯铝基体和7050铝合金基体)的泡沫铝材料进行了准静态压缩力学性能的试验,并对其变形机理进行了分析。试验结果表明,相同规格的7050基体泡沫铝的压缩力学性能高于纯铝基体泡沫铝,能量吸收能力也远大于纯铝基体泡沫铝。纯铝基体泡沫铝在压缩载荷下呈现逐层坍塌、连续性破坏的模式,试件在完全压实后呈碎渣;7050基体泡沫铝表现出逐层坍塌、间断式破坏的模式,试件在完全压实后呈完整的块状。7050基体泡沫铝的泡孔结构比纯铝基体泡沫铝均匀,力学性能更加稳定。Aluminum foams are a new class of structural and functional materials.It has a bright prospect in engineering field.In order to study the effects of matrix materials on the mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of aluminum foam and endow industrial aluminum foam with a more useful and reliable performance index,two kinds of industrial foams,Al-matrix and 7050 Al-alloy-matrix foams,were studied.The results showed that the compressive mechanical properties of 7050 Al-alloy-matrix foam was much higher than that of Al-matrix foam,so was its energy absorption ability.The deformation mechanism of Al-matrix foam was that the cells collapsed layer by layer during deformation,continuously.The outside materials of Al-matrix foam peeled off during the compression remarkably and compressed to be crumbs finally.The deformation mechanism of 7050-matrix foam was that the cells collapsed layer by layer during the deformation,discontinuously.The specimens were still whole bulks after compression finally.The cell structure of 7050-matrix foam was more uniform than that of Al-matrix foam in the present study,therefore its mechanical stability was better than Al-matrix foam.

关 键 词：闭孔泡沫铝 力学性能 变形机理 压缩实验 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]