非洲华人社团的传承与演变(1950—2016)  

A Discussion on the Heritage and Evolution of Overseas Chinese Associations in Africa(1950-2016)

作　　者：李安山[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院,教授北京100871

出　　处：《世界民族》2017年第5期71-89,共19页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金重大项目"中非关系历史文献和口述史料整理与研究"阶段性成果;项目号为:16ZDA142

摘　　要：华人在非洲的数量一直很少。随着中非关系的快速发展,华人移民非洲的人数日益增多。然而,对非洲华人社团组织的研究甚为薄弱。本文通过非洲的华人报刊和当地资料,力图阐述战后以来非洲华人社团的演变过程。本文阐述了两岸分治给非洲华人社团的政治生态带来的影响,作为华人统一组织的中华会馆的演变过程,分析了20世纪后期华人社团的发展及其特点,重点论及21世纪以来华人社团功能的延伸和拓展及新移民社团的崛起,并对华人社团国际化与地方化的双重进程提出了自己的看法。作者认为,华人社团的国际化取决于三个条件,即社团领导人的国际视野、社团的性质以及社团所在国家的条件或社团自身条件。从宏观上看,国际化与地方化永远是移民社团的一种互动过程。With the rapid development of Sino-African relations, the number of Chinese immigrants to Africa is increasing. However, studies on overseas Chinese associations in Africa are rare. Through the Chinese newspapers and local materials in Africa, this article illustrates the evolution of Chinese associations in Africa since the end of World War II. The article is divided into five parts and expounds the impact of the political ecology of Cross-Strait Separation on the Chinese community, the evolution of Chinese Society （Zhong Hua Hui Guan）, and the development and characteristics of these Chinese associations in the late 20th Century. It also explains the extension of the function of the Chinese associations and the rise of the new immigrant community, as well as the dual process of internationalization and localization of the Chinese associations at the beginning of the 21st century. The author argues that the internationalization of the Chinese associations depends on the following conditions, namely, the international vision of the leader of the association, the nature of the associations, the condition of the countries where the associations are located, and the conditions of the association itself. From a macro perspective, there is always interaction between internationalization and localization of an immigrant community.

关 键 词：非洲华人 华人社团 新移民 国际移民 国际化 地方化 

分 类 号：C912.2[经济管理] D634.3[社会学]