苏联早期文化中的虚无主义倾向  

The Nihilism in Early Soviet Culture

作　　者：白晓红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2017年第5期61-68,共8页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

摘　　要：苏俄刚立国之时,通过摧毁旧世界,建立新国家,对于一切旧事物予以彻底否定。文化领域首当其冲,虚无主义在苏维埃早期文化生活中占有重要地位。列宁"两种文化"的概念奠定了否定一切旧文化的基础。整个20世纪20年代,苏联主要的文化组织都具有虚无主义倾向。从"无产阶级文化派"到"左翼艺术战线"到"岗位派",无一不是文化虚无主义的拥趸:无产阶级文化是与旧的文化遗产隔绝的独立体系,要否定过去一切人类文化,不仅与古典文化"彻底决裂",同时,打击所有非"纯正的"无产阶级作家——知识分子、农民、同路人作家。1925年6月18日俄共(布)中央《关于党在文学方面的政策》的决议,制止这种文化虚无主义倾向。After establishment of it, the Soviet Russia denied all the old things by destroying the old world and building new ones. Culture was the first to be affected. Nihilism in cultural life of the early Soviet era occupies an important position. Lenin＇s concept of Mtwo cultures＂ laid the foundation for denying any old culture. Throughout the 1920s, the Soviet Union＇s major cultural organizations had nihilistic tendencies. Proletkult, Left art front and the Post are advocators of cultural nihilism. Proletariat culture is an independent system that is isolated from the old cultural heritage. Denying all human culture in the past demands not only break with traditional culture, but also cracks down all non-f,orthodox ＂proletarian writers - intellectuals, farmers, and fellow-traveller writers. On 18 June 1925, Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party （Bolsheviks） issued 4tthe resolution on the policy of the party on literature” to forbidden this cultural nihilism.

关 键 词：文艺政策 文化虚无主义 无产阶级文化 

分 类 号：G13[文化科学]