红宝石无核和希姆劳特葡萄杂交胚挽救技术研究  

Embryo rescue techniques of the reciprocal crosses between Ruby Seedless grape and Himrod Seedless grape

作　　者：温晓敏[1,2] 张娜 路凤珍 田淑芬 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津300387 [2]天津市设施农业研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《天津师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第5期32-35,共4页Journal of Tianjin Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：天津市科技计划资助项目(16ZXZYNC00160);天津市农业科学院院长基金资助项目(15010)

摘　　要：为了优化无核葡萄杂交胚的离体培养条件,分别以种子败育型无核品种红宝石无核和希姆劳特为父、母本杂交和自交胚珠的材料,进行亲本基因型、取样时期、发育培养基、萌发培养基对无核葡萄胚挽救效果影响的研究.结果显示:红宝石无核与希姆劳特正反交时,以红宝石无核作母本时杂交胚的发育率和萌发率均高于以希姆劳特作母本的杂交胚;红宝石无核自交胚的发育率和萌发率高于希姆劳特自交胚;红宝石无核×希姆劳特杂交胚珠和红宝石无核自交胚珠的最佳取样时期均为授粉后61 d,希姆劳特×红宝石无核杂交胚珠和希姆劳特自交胚珠的最佳取样时期均为授粉后54 d.适合于红宝石无核×希姆劳特和希姆劳特×红宝石无核杂交胚发育的培养基为:Nitsch+1.5 mol/L IAA+0.5 mol/L 6-BA+0.5 mol/L GA3+60 g/L蔗糖+5 g/L琼脂+1 g/L活性炭,胚发育率分别为8.40%和8.30%;适于红宝石无核×希姆劳特和希姆劳特×红宝石无核杂交胚萌发的培养基为:WPM+0.2 mg/L 6-BA+30 g/L蔗糖+5 g/L琼脂+1.5g/L活性炭,萌发率分别为7.32%和6.12%.In order to optimize the cultural conditions of seedless grape hybrid embryos , the grape ovules fromreciprocal crosses and selfing of Ruby Seedless and Himrod Seedless were cultured and the influences of parental geno-types, sampling dates, development medium types and germination medium types on the embryo rescue were explored.The results showed that： in the reciprocal crosses between Ruby Seedless and Himrod Seedless, when Ruby Seedless asfemale parent, the percentages of embryo development and germination were higher than those of Himrod Seedless asfemale parent. The percentages of embryo development and germination in Ruby Seedless selfing were higher than thosein Himrod Seedless selfing . The optimal sampling dates were both 61 days after bloom in Ruby Seedless HimrodSeedless and Ruby Seedless selfing, 54 days after bloom in Himrod Seedless Ruby Seedless and Himrod Seedlessselfing, respectively. The percentages of embryo development in Ruby Seedless Himrod Seedless（8.40 ） and HimrodSeedless Ruby Seedless （8.30 ） were higher when embryos were cultured on Nitsch ＋ 1.5 mol/L IAA＋0.5 mol/L 6-BA＋0.5 mol/L GA3＋60 g/L sucrose＋5 g/L agar＋1 g/L activated charcoal. The percentages of embryo germination inRuby Seedless Himrod Seedless （ 7.32 ） and Himrod Seedless Ruby Seedless（ 6.12 ） were higher when embryoswere cultured on WPM＋0.2 mg/L 6-BA＋30 g/L sucrose＋5 g/L agar＋1.5 g/L activated charcoal.

关 键 词：红宝石无核葡萄 希姆劳特葡萄 胚挽救 杂交 

分 类 号：Q949.9[生物学—植物学]