木薯淀粉厌氧发酵液对西瓜生长和产量及品质的影响  

Effects of cassava starch anaerobic fermentation liquid on watermelon growth, yield and fruit quality

作　　者：邓英毅[1] 叶亦心 莫干辉 郑虚[3] 雷雪娇 梁月滔 甘远东 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004 [2]湖南农业大学园艺园林学院/湖南省马铃薯工程中心,湖南长沙410128 [3]广西农业科学院经济作物研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第5期529-532,共4页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260461);广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科合1346011);广西大学大学生实验技能和科技创新能力训练基金项目(SYJN20131513);广西大学“大学生创新创业训练计划”项目(129)

摘　　要：以‘黑美人’西瓜为研究对象,研究施用木薯淀粉厌氧发酵液(化学耗氧量1 200 mg/L,用量为150 t/hm2)对西瓜生长发育、产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:施用木薯淀粉厌氧发酵液,西瓜的侧蔓长度、侧蔓粗度、侧蔓节间长度、叶片长度、叶片宽度与常规施肥处理的差异达极显著水平,分别比常规施肥处理提高了64.4%、51.6%、13.5%、20.9%、16.8%;施用木薯淀粉厌氧发酵液西瓜的单株结瓜数、单瓜质量、单位面积产量与常规施肥处理的差异达极显著水平,分别比常规施肥处理提高61.9%、72.7%、105.8%,但第一瓜着生节位与常规施肥无显著差异;施用木薯粉淀厌氧发酵液极显著提高了西瓜的纵径、横径、果形指数、纵周长和横周长,分别比常规施肥处理的高35.2%、20.9%、9.4%、26.4%、30.0%;施用木薯淀粉厌氧发酵液的西瓜的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、V-C和可滴定酸含量极显著高于常规施肥处理的,分别比常规施肥处理的高34.2%、58.8%、14.3%、26.8%、50.0%,但可食率的差异不明显。表明木薯淀粉厌氧发酵液可作为追肥在西瓜生产中应用。The watermelon ‘Heimeiren＇ was used as material, applying the cassava starch anaerobic fermentation liquid（the chemical oxygen consumption was 1 200 mg/L, 150 t/hm2） to study the effects of cassava starch anaerobic fermentation liquid on growth, yield and quality of watermelon. The results showed that the treatment of applying the cassava starch anaerobic fermentation liquid treatment＇s growth of lateral vine length, lateral vine thickness, lateral internode length, the fruit setting number, the single fruit weight and the yield were 64.4%, 51.6%, 13.5%, 20.9%, 16.8%, 61.9%, 72.7% and 105.8% higher than those of the general chemical fertilizer treatment, respectively. There was no significant difference in the first melon position between the two treatments; The longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, fruit shape index, vertical diameter perimeter and horizontal diameter perimeter of watermelon fruit of applying the cassava starch anaerobic fermentation liquid treatment were 35.2%, 20.9%, 9.4%, 26.4% and 30.0% respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the general chemical fertilizer treatment. The contents of soluble solids, soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C and titratable acid were 34.2%, 58.8%, 14.3%, 26.8% and 50.0% respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the general chemical fertilizer treatment, but there were no significant difference in the edible rate between the two treatments. Therefore, cassava starch anaerobic fermentation liquid can be used as additional fertilizer in watermelon production.

关 键 词：西瓜 木薯淀粉厌氧发酵液 生长发育 产量 果实品质 

分 类 号：S651.2[农业科学—果树学]