天然气开采压裂返排液污泥用于荒漠区植被修复的可行性  

Feasibility of Using Sludge from Fracturing Flow-Back Fluid Treatment for Natural Gas Exploitation for Restoring Desert Area Vegetation

作　　者：王磊[1,2] 苏本营 方广玲[1,2] 胡钰 王玥[1,2] 香宝 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室,北京100012 [3]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2017年第10期1570-1579,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0500904);中国环境科学研究院院所长基金(2006001001004028)

摘　　要：为解决中石化大牛地气田天然气开采压裂返排液污泥(采气污泥)难处理的困境,在测定采气污泥成分和运用地累积指数法(I_(geo))评估其环境风险的基础上,利用三种荒漠区常见植物[沙蒿(Artemisia desertorum)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)和苜蓿(Medicago falcata L.)],通过设计采气污泥与荒漠区土壤配比,开展天然气开采压裂返排液污泥用于荒漠区植被修复的可行性试验研究.结果表明:(1)采气污泥中各污染物组分含量相对较低,w(Cr)、w(Cd)、w(Pb)分别为35.187、0.181、5.502 mg/kg,PAHs(多环芳烃类)未检出;w(OM)、w(TN)也较低,分别为1.46%、0.32%,盐分含量为1.2%.(2)重金属风险评估结果显示,Cr、Cd、Pb的I_(geo)值分别为-0.76、-8.69和-2.20,污染风险等级为清洁;Se和Ba的I_(geo)值分别为0.02和0.91,有轻度环境污染风险.(3)5%采气污泥处理能使土壤最大持水量、土壤保水能力和孔隙度分别提高了74.41%、14.29%和4.35%.(4)低浓度(2.5%)采气污泥处理能使沙蒿、黑麦草和苜蓿种子发芽率分别提高7.38%、3.61%和8.20%,高浓度(>2.5%)采气污泥对种子萌发则表现为抑制作用.(5)根据采气污泥对沙蒿、黑麦草和苜蓿株高、根长和生物量的影响,确定采气污泥适宜施用量分别为≤5%、≤2.5%、≤2.5%.研究显示,采气污泥用于荒漠区植物修复是可行的,但适宜施用量较低,可采取去污染物和筛选耐性植物等技术来提高其用量.In order to dispose the sludge from fracturing flow-back fluid for natural gas exploitation（ gas production sludge） from Sinopec Daniudi Gas Field, the gas production sludge composition and potential environmental risk assessment by Igeowere researched.Meanwhile,the effects on soil improvement and plant growth were researched in three plant species,Artemisia desertorum,Lolium perenne L. and Medicago falcata L.,in a compound by gas production sludge and soil. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals and harmful organic contaminants were very low in the gas production sludge; for example,the contents of Cr,Cd and Pb were 35. 187,0. 181 and 5. 502 mg/kg,while PAHs were under the observed effect concentration. The w（ OM） and w（ TN） were small（ 1. 46%and 0. 32% respectively）,but the salinity was 1. 2% in gas production sludge. The results of risk assessment of 13 heavy metals indicated that the Igeoof Cr,Cd and Pb was-0. 76,-8. 69 and-2. 20, respectively, indicating a cleanenvironmental contamination risk level,but the Igeoof Se and Ba was 0. 02 and 0. 91,respectively,indicating a mild environmental contamination risk. The maximum water holding capacity,water retention capacity and porosity of soil were increased by 74. 41%,14. 29% and 4. 35% when the content gas production sludge application was 2. 5%. The gas production sludge increased seed germination of A. desertorum,L. perenne L. and M. falcata L. by 7. 38%,3. 61% and 8. 20% when the mixture ratio was 2. 5%. If the content gas production sludge application exceeded 2. 5%,the seed germination was restrained. Comprehensive consideration impacts on the height,root height amd fresh weight content of the three plants were detected during the growth period. The feasible gas production sludge application amounts for A. desertorum,L. perenne L. and M. falcata L. were ≤5%,≤2. 5%,≤2. 5%,respectively. The study considered that gas production sludge used for desert area plant restoration is feasible. However,we need to increase the use of p

关 键 词：采气污泥 环境风险 荒漠区 植被修复 可行性 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]