新型滴灌双向流道参数化设计研究  

Parameterized design of a new bidirectional flow channel in drip irrigation

作　　者：王新端[1] 白丹[1] 郭霖[1] 何靖[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《西安理工大学学报》2017年第3期321-325,332,共6页Journal of Xi'an University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279156)

摘　　要：针对双向流道挡水件中后部存在较大低流速区的问题,对原有结构改进后提出新型双向流道结构。为了研究新型双向流道结构参数对其水力性能的影响,选取5个关键参数作为试验因素。采用均匀试验设计方法,设计8组试验方案制作流道样件,分别在不同水头压力下测得各流道样件出流量,计算其流态指数及流量系数。采用通径分析定性地分析各结构参数对水力性能的影响效应。利用多元线性回归分析,建立了流态指数和流量系数与5个结构参数之间的量化模型,并通过试验验证了其准确性和可行性。结果表明,挡水件底部高度是流态指数的主要增进因子,而分水件与上挡水外壁的距离是其主要限制因子;挡水件垂直部分高度是流量系数的主要决策变量,且各参数都为增进因子。建立的量化关系模型效果显著,准确性高,定量地揭示了流道结构参数与其水力性能的关系,对设计性能良好的双向流道有一定指导意义。The bidirectional flow channel is a new kind of channel for drip irrigation emitter,which is mainly composed of the dividing water object and the blocking water object.It has the advantages of simple structure,easy manufacturing,and good energy dissipation performance.The main working principle of the bidirectional flow channel is mixing the forward flow and the backward flow by the objects mentioned above with the energy dissipation performance of the bidirectional flow channel enhanced.However,for the original design,there is a large low velocity area within the V-shape wall which has a negative effect on the hydraulic performance or on the anti-clogging performance.To solve this problem,the structure of flow channel is redesigned by means of changing the placing ways of dividing water and the blocking water object.As to the new flow channel,the effect of structural parameters on hydraulic performance is investigated based on the path analysis.The results indicate that the height of the bottom of blocking water object is the most important decision variable for the flow index and that rather the distance of dividing water object and the upper boundary is the limit factor.All of the structural parameters are the increasing factors for the flow coefficient,and among them the height of vertical section of blocking water object is the most important decision variable.The regression models for flow index and flow coefficient to 5 structural parameters are established by the multivariable regression method,which are both verified to be able to forecast the relationship between the flow rate and pressure loss for the emitter with bidirectional flow channel.These conclusions obtained in this paper have a certain guiding significance for designing a bidirectional flow channel possessing good hydraulic performance.

关 键 词：滴灌 双向流道 水力性能 参数化设计 通径分析 回归分析 

分 类 号：S275.4[农业科学—农业水土工程]