1株虾夷扇贝苗种培育用益生菌的筛选及其对幼体存活和生长的影响  

Selection of one probiotic strain for larviculture and its effects on larval survival and growth of Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis

作　　者：赵学伟 李明 梁峻 刘继晨[2] 孙雪莹[2] 马悦欣[2] 

机构地区：[1]獐子岛集团股份有限公司,辽宁大连116001 [2]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2017年第5期514-519,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD23B01);獐子岛集团科研项目(99801214)

摘　　要：为筛选出虾夷扇贝Patinopecten yessoensis苗种培育用潜在益生菌,采用培养方法从虾夷扇贝幼体及养殖水环境中共分离出300株细菌,经过产淀粉酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶能力测定,及以灿烂弧菌为指示菌株的拮抗活性测定,从中筛选出既能产酶又拮抗灿烂弧菌Vibrio splendidus的W115菌株。溶血试验结果显示,W115菌株不产生溶血素,不具有潜在的致病性;以终浓度为1×106cells/m L的W115菌株浸浴感染受精后48 h的扇贝幼体49 d,结果显示,该菌株对扇贝幼体是安全的;16S rRNA基因序列同源性分析表明,W115菌株与埃氏假交替单胞菌Pseudoalteromonas espejiana相似性为100%;将该菌株以终浓度1×104cells/m L和1×106cells/m L添加在虾夷扇贝苗种培育水体中,以不加潜在益生菌为对照组,每组设3个平行,养殖扇贝幼体至出库(共49 d),在第11天(壳顶幼体期)、26天(匍匐幼体期)、49天(稚贝期)时测定并计算幼体存活率和特定生长率(SGR),结果显示,1×104cells/m L组3个时期幼体的存活率和第26天匍匐幼体及第49天稚贝的SGRs均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而1×106cells/m L组3个时期幼体的存活率和SGRs与对照组均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。研究表明,埃氏假交替单胞菌W115菌株可促进虾夷扇贝幼体的存活和生长。In order to select the potential prbiotics for larviculture of Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis,three hundred bacterial strains were isolated from the Yesso scallop larvae and water of larval rearing tanks by Zobell2216 E. Two strains were screened based on isolates producing a variety of enzymes（ amylase,cellulase and protease） and having antagonistic activity against pathogen Vibro splendidus. Hemolysis was tested in two strains and the results showed that strain W115 did not secrete hemolysin,without potential pathogenicity. Forty-eight hours larvae post-fertilization were challenged by strain W115 at 1×106 cells/m L for 49 d,confirming that strain W115 was safe for scallop larvae. Similarity analysis of 16 S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain W115 had 100% similarity to Pseudoalteromonas espejiana. Strain W115 was added to seawater in six tanks for larviculture of the Yesso scallop at final concentrations of 1×104 cells/m L and 1×106 cells/m L,respectively. No potential probiont was added to three control tanks. The larvae were cultured to juvenile before outdoor breeding（ 49 d in total） and effects of strain W115 on the larval survival rate and the specific growth rate（ SGR） were determined on 11 th（ umbo larvae stage）,26 th（ creeping larvae stage） and 49 th days（ juvenile stage）. The survival rates and SGRs of the larvae were significantly enhanced on 11 th,26 th and 49 th days and on 26 th and 49 th days,respectively,in comparison with the controls when strain W115 was added to seawater at the concentration of 1×104 cells/m L（ P〈0.05）,however,there were no significant differences in survival rate and SGR between the 1×106 cells/m L concentration treatment and the control group（ P〈0.05）. It is concluded that Pseudoalteromonas espejiana W115 improves the survival and growth of Yesso scallop larvae.

关 键 词：虾夷扇贝 苗种培育 益生菌 筛选 存活 生长 

分 类 号：Q954.4[生物学—动物学]