水稻直立穗型基因DEP1研究进展  

Research progess of rice erect panicle gene DEP1

作　　者：赵明珠[1] 王青营 孙健[1] 徐正进[1] 陈温福[1] ZHAO MingZhu WANG QingYing SUN Jian XU ZhengJin CHEN WenFu(Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,沈阳110161

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2017年第10期1036-1042,共7页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号31371587;31430062)资助

摘　　要：随着分子生物学的发展,已有多个水稻(Oryza sativa)产量相关基因被相继克隆,其中直立穗型基因DEP1在我国粳稻育种得到了广泛应用,本文总结了前人关于DEP1的研究结果,展望了未来的发展前景.DEP1编码的G蛋白γ亚基的富含半胱氨酸区域缺失突变增强了G蛋白信号的传递,提高了分生组织活性,增加枝梗数和每穗粒数,提高氮素利用效率,从而提高水稻的单株产量潜力.同时,穗型直立使水稻具有良好的群体结构和抗倒伏能力,从而具有较高的群体物质生产能力.因此,继矮化育种和杂种优势利用后,以直立穗型基因DEP1为基础的株型改良将可能实现水稻产量的第三次飞跃.With the development of molecular biology, several genes relativc to grain yield traits have been cloned in rice. Among these genes, only DEP1（dense and erect panicle 1） has been widely used in rice breeding. The objective of this review is to summarize the previous research for DEP1 and look into its development prospect. DEP1 gene codes a heterotrimeric G protein y subunit. The loss of its cysteine-rich domain increases signal transmission of G protein, which may result in stronger meristem activity, increased number of branches and grains per panicle, higher nitrogen use efficiency, and consequent increase in grain yield. Moreover, the erect panicle architectures improve the canopy structure and lodging resistance, which lead to higher material production capacity in population. Therefore, the plant type improvement on the basis of the erect panicle gene DEP1 will bring the third breakthrough of grain yield in rice breeding history after the semi-dwarf breeding and the application of heterosis in hybrid rice.

关 键 词：水稻 直立穗型 DEP1 产量 每穗粒数 氮素利用效率 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]