利用低空无人机摄影测量快速构建矿区线状地物信息  

Rapid Construction of Mine Line Infrastructure Using Low-altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetry

作　　者：张建勇[1] 赵艳玲[1] 肖武[1] 陈永春 李文顺 田帅帅 王鑫 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)土地复垦与生态重建研究所,北京100083 [2]平安煤炭开采工程技术研究院有限公司,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《测绘通报》2017年第10期106-110,共5页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：基金项目:采煤沉陷地绿色综合治理与生态修复关键技术(2016ZDJS11A02)

摘　　要：矿区线状地物是矿山生产建设的重要部分,狭长的形态特征和有限的测量人力限制了监测工作。低空无人机摄影测量具有响应快、周期短、精度高、易操作、成本低的特点,而且获取数据内容丰富、可视性强,为矿区线状地物的快速监测提供了可能。本文选取典型高潜水位井工矿区的线状地物——以矿区专用铁路和防洪堤坝为例,设计3个相对航高(50、75、100 m)作业方案,快速构建矿区线状地物信息,评价模型结果的平面和高程精度,并检验了其可靠性,讨论了无人机摄影测量的时间与效率的权衡问题。研究表明,低空无人机摄影测量可快速获取矿区线状地物的厘米级地形信息,具有较高的平面与高程精度,平面精度可达1∶500比例尺地形图的要求,高程基本能满足1∶1000比例尺制图规范。植被覆盖对模型高程值的精度影响显著,模型内部的空间关系相对稳定可靠,经成本与效率的权衡后优选相对航高100 m为最优作业方案。矿区测绘可尝试低空无人机与传统测绘方法相结合的作业新模式,快速高效地获取监测结果。Mine line infrastructure is an important part of production and construction for mining.It is restricted to effectively monitor by elongated features and limited surveying employees. Low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） photogrammetry has a series of characteristics, such as rapid response, short revisit, high accuracy, easy operation and low cost, which makes it possible to rapid monitoring of mine line infrastructure.This paper takes the line infrastructure from typical high-groundwater area of underground mine as example, including special railway of mine and controlling-flood dam, designs three experiments of flying altitude （ above-ground-level ： 50,75,100 m） , rapidly rebuild the model of mine line infrastructure, evaluates both horizontal and vertical accuracy of models, tests the reliability of models, and discusses the trade-off of cost and efficiency for UAV photogrammetry.The results show that low-altitude UAV photogrammetry can effectively construct the terrain of mine line infrastructure for centimeter-level, model accuracy could meet the requirement the large scale of 1 ： 500 in horizontal level and l ： 1000 in vertical level, respectively.Vegetation coverage has an evident influence on elevation values of model, and spatial relation of models is reliable.h proposes that 100m of above-ground-level is an ideal choice after trade-off of cost and efficiency.Therefore, it should combine strengths of UAVs with traditional methods to provide a strong guarantee for rapid monitoring of mine line infrastructure.

关 键 词：低空无人机 摄影测量 矿区线状地物 制图精度 作业方案 

分 类 号：P23[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]